There is a huge implication of housing deficit among which include; For families lacking decent affordable housing, health outcomes are poorer, children do less well in school and tend to drop out earlier, unemployment and under-employment rates are higher, and financial inclusion is lower. So what’s to be done? my overriding point is that traditional approaches are likely to fail. Handing out income support or subsidies will be inadequate. Cities need to take “market-based approaches” that “create value while reducing costs.” Below are the four approaches the report recommends: Unlock land The best thing cities can do is to make more land available for housing, preferably land that puts poor people near opportunities. Siting affordable housing on the outskirts of town runs the risk of cementing poverty, rather than alleviating it. McKinsey recommends cities pursue transit-oriented development (housing built around new lines and stations), open up unused public la...

There have been numerous reports detailing the cause of the World Trade Center Tower collapse on September 11, 2001. Most have provided qualitative explanations; however, simple quantitative analyses show that some common conclusions are incorrect; for example, the steel could not melt in these flames and there was more structural damage than merely softening of the steel at elevated temperatures. Some guidelines for improvements in future structures are presented. INTRODUCTION The collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers on September 11, 2001, was as sudden as it was dramatic; the complete destruction of such massive buildings shocked nearly everyone. Immediately afterward and even today, there is widespread speculation that the buildings were structurally deficient, that the steel columns melted, or that the fire suppression equipment failed to operate. In order to separate the fact from the fiction, we have attempted to quantify various details of the collapse. The maj...

civil engineering formulas

8 Construction-Technology Innovations That Changed the Game in 2017 A Gaudí-inspired pedestrian footbridge in Madrid was constructed on-site using commercial 3D printers. Courtesy IAAC - Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalon On November 17, the UK’s Institution of Structural Engineers   announced   its 2017 Structural Award winners. The globe-spanning projects included a billowy   football stadium roof   in Bilbao, Spain; an adaptable, easily transportable   stage structure   for Adele’s 25 tour; and an elegant and seismically robust   Bahá’í temple in Chile. As diverse as the entries are, they have an inventive artistry in common, stretching the bounds of construction technology to realize previously unbuildable visions. Technological innovations are spreading like wildfire in all sectors. If you make your living in architecture, engineering, or construction, chances are good that   something   is coming on the market soon ...