proposed students hostel project by ssekamatte denis
SPECIFICATION
SITE
SLECTION
1.
LEVEL AT THE SITE :
- The level at the site must be higher than that of its surrounding so
as to provide good drainage.
2.
CLIMATE CONDITION:
- The intensity of the rainfall and sub soil water level should be low
as to avoid dampness in the building.
3.
SUB-SOIL CONDITION:
- A hard strata should be available at a reasonable depth so as to
construct the foundation of the building safely and economically.
4.
AVAILABILITIES OF
MODERN AMENITIES: - The site must be within municipal limits so that
modern amenities like water supply, electricity, drainage, road etc. can be
made available inner future if there is no provision at present.
5.
AVAILABILITIES OF
OTHER FACILITIES : - The site should provide as easy access from the
nearest road and after sufficient light and air, these should be good and cheap
transport facilities available near the site, it is always better if public
services like fire brigade, police station etc.
The situation and surrounding of the site must as to
suit the purpose for which the building it to be constructed.
Any structure constructed of what so
ever material and used for residential, business education or other purposes is
called building. Types of the building :-
1.
Based on occupancy
2.
Based on type of construction
Residential
buildings: - The building in which sleeping accommodation is provided
for normal residential purposes are called residential buildings.
Educational / institutional buildings: - The building
used for school, college or day care purposes are called education / institutional
building.
Assembly Buildings : - The buildings which are
constructed for the purposes to gathering of the people for their respective
purposes i.e. social, religious, civil, political is called assembly buildings.
Business
Buildings: - The buildings used for transaction of business, for the
keeping of accounts and records and other similar purposes called business
buildings. Mercantile Buildings: - The
buildings used for display of merchandise, either wholesale or retail are
called Mercantile Buildings.
Industrial buildings: -
The buildings in which products or materials of all kinds and properties are
fabricated, assembled or processed are called industrial buildings. Storage buildings: - The buildings used primary for
the storage, handling or shattering of goods and wares or merchandise, vehicles
and animals are called storage buildings. Hazardous
buildings: -The buildings used for storage, handling manufacturing or
processing of highly combustible or explosive material are called Hazardous
buildings.
Building with
type 1 construction: - In these building the design and material used
const. are such that all structural components have about 4 hours fire
resistance. Buildings with type 2 construction: -
In these building the design any type of material used in their construction
are such that all structural components have 3 hours fire resistance.
Buildings with type 3 construction: - In these
building the design and types of the materials used in their construction are
such that all structural components have 3 hours fire resistance.
Buildings with
type 4 construction: - In these buildings the design and the type of
material used in their construction are such that all structural components
have 4 hours fire resistance. PARTS OF A BUILDING
1.
Sub structure
2.
Super structure
1.
Sub structure: -
The part of a building constructed beneath the ground level is known as Sub
structure.
2.
Super structure: -
The part of the building constructed above ground level is known as super
structure. It is second part of a building. All the activities of the building
construction take place after the making of sub-structure. Flooring, wall
roofing are the example of super structure of a building.
1.
FOUNDATION: -
It is the lowest part of a structure below the ground level which is direct
contact with ground and transmitted all the dead, live and other loads to the
soil on which the structure rests.
2.
PLINTH: -
The portion of a building and the top of the floor immediately above the ground
is known as plinth. The level of the surrounding ground is known as formation
level of the ground floor of the building is known as plinth level.
3.
WALLS: -
Walls are provided to enclose or divide the floor space n desired pattern in
addition wall provided privacy security and give protection against sun, rain,
cold and other undesired effect of the weather.
4.
COLUMN: - A
column may be defined as an isolated load bearing member, the width of which is
neither less than its thickness. It carries the axially compressive load.
5.
FLOORS: -
Floors are flat supporting elements of a building. They divided a building into
different levels. There by creating more accommodation on a given plot of land.
The basic purpose of a floor is to provide a firm and other items like stores,
furniture, equipment etc.
6.
DOORS, WINDOWS AND
VENTILATORS: - A door may be defined as a barrier secured in an opening
left in a wall to provide usual means of access to a building, room or passage.
Windows and ventilators are provided for sun light, fresh air and ventilation
purposes.
7.
ROOF: - It
is the uppermost component of a building and its function is to cover the space
below it of a room and protect it from rain, snow, sun, wind etc.
8.
BUILDING FINISHES:
- A building is considered incomplete till such time the surface of its
components is given appropriate treatment.
Building finishes include items like plastering,
painting, pointing, white / colour washing, varnishes and distempering etc.
Following are the materials used for
the construction of a building.
1.
Bricks.
2.
Sand.
3.
Cement.
4.
Stone.
5.
Coarse Aggregate.
6.
Fine Aggregate.
7.
Timber.
8.
Metal.
9.
Floor Tiles.
10.
Roof Tiles.
11.
Reinforcement.
12.
Plastic Materials.
13.
Doors & Windows.
14.
Asphalt Bitumen.
15.
Coloring Material.
16.
White Cement.
17.
Paints & Varnishes.
18.
Brick Ballast.
19.
Sanitary Materials.
20.
Water.
21.
Finishing Tiles. Etc.
Foundation and plinth should be of 1st
class brick work in lime or cement mortar over a bed of lime or cement
concrete. SUPER-STRUCTURE
Super-structure shall be of 1st
class brick in lime or cement mortar. DAMP PROOF
COARSE (D.P.C.)
D.P.C. shall be of minimum 40 mm (4cm)
thick cement concrete (1:2:4) with two coat of
hot bitumen layer on it.
Roof
shall be of R.C.C. slab with an insulator layer of lime or cement 8cm thick
over it. The flooring cement pointed on the top height of the room shall not be
less than 3.7 m. FLOORING
Terrazzo floor should be provided in
drawing, dining, bath and w/c conglomerate polished floor 4 cm thick 1:2:4
should be provided in bed and other rooms. DOORS AND
WINDOWS
Doors and windows shall be at least of
wood of teak 4.5 mm thick paneled or glazed with additional wire gauges
shutters. All fitting and fastenings should be good quality of brass or other
materials. FINISHING
The
inner and outer wall shall have 1.25 cm. thick cement plaster. Drawing, dining
and bed room shall be distempered with two coats, other parts of the structure
should be white washed with three coats and outside walls should be colored
with snowcem of two coats over one coat of white washing.
All the
windows, doors and other furniture used in building should be painted with two
coats with good quality of colored enamel paints over one coat of primer.
Building
should be provided with first class sanitary and water supply fittings and
electrical installation should be protected in the building by using good
quality of electrical products.
The
detailed specification is a detailed description and expresses the
requirements. The detailed specification of an item of work specifies the
quality and quantities of materials the proportion of mortar. Workmanship. The
method of preparation of work and excavation and the method of measurement the
detailed specification of different items of work are prepared separately and
describe what the works should be and how they shall be executed. Detailed
specifications are written to express the requirement clearly in a consince
from avoiding repetition and ambiguity the detailed specification are arranged
as per order as the work is carried out the detailed specification of prepared
properly are very helpful for the execution of work. The detailed specification
form an important part of contract document.
Every engg.
Department prepared, the detailed specifications on various items of work and
get them printed in order book from under the name. Detailed specification when
the work or a structure or project is taken up instead of waiting detailed
specification every time the printed detailed specifications are referred. The
detailed specifications of various item of work are as follows: -
EXCAVATION : -
Foundation trenches shall be dug out to the exact width of foundation concrete
and the sides shall be vertical. If the soil is not good and does not permit
vertical sides the side should be sloped back or protected with timber sharing
excavated earth shall not be placed within 1 m. of the edge of the trench.
FINISH OF TRENCH : -
The bottom of foundation trenches shall be perfectly leveled both
longitudinally and treaverrly and sides of the trench shall be dressed
perfectly vertical from bottom up to the least thickness of loose one so that
concrete may be laid to the exact width as per design the bed of the trench
shall be lightly watered and well lamed. Excessive digging if done trough
mistake shall be filled with concrete or with stabilized soil. If rocks are
found during excavation, these should be removed and the bed of trenches should
be leveled and made hard by consolidation the earth. Foundation conc. And
approval of the trench by the engg. In charge.
FINDS : - Any
treasure and valuables or materials founds during the excavation shall be
property of Govt.
WATER IN FOUNDATION :
- Water if any accumulated in the trenches, should be bailed or pumped
out without any extra payment and necessary precautions shall be taken to
prevent surface water enter the trench.
TRENCH FILLING: - After the conc. Has been laid,
masonry has been constructed the remaining portion of the trenches shall be
filled up with earth in layers of 15cm and watered and well rammed. The earth
filling shall be free from rubbish and refuse mater. All clouds shall be broken
before filling surplus earth not required shall be removed and disposed and
site shall be leveled and dressed.
MEASUREMENT : -
The measurement of excavation shall be in cum as per for rectangular trench
width of the conc., multiplied by vertical depth of foundation from ground
level and multiplied by the length of trench even though the contractor might
have excavated with sloping side for his convenience rate shall be for complete
work for 3m. Lead and lift including all tools and plants required for the
completion of work. For every extra, lead 30 m and every extra left 1.5m
separate extra rate is provided.
EXCAVATION IN SATURATED SOIL : - Excavation in
saturated soil or below sub soil water level shall be taken under a pressure
item and shall be carried out in same manner as above pumping or bailing out of
water and removal of slush shall be included in item. Timbering of the sides of
trenches if required shall be taken under a separate item and paid separately.
LIME CONC. IN FOUNDATION : - All the material shall
be as per standard specification. Coarse agg. Shall be hard, over brunt brick
ballast of 40 mm gauge. It shall be deep cherry red or copper color and shall
be cleaned, free from dust and other foreign matters. It shall e homogeneous in
texture and cubical. In shape. Ballast which appears porous or snow sign shall
not be used. Brick ballast shall pass through square mesh of 52.5 mm and not
more than 20% shall pass through a mesh of 25 mm. Any rejected material shall
be removed from site of work with in 24 hrs. Find agg. Shall be of surkhi or
sand as specified and clean and free from dust, durt and foreign matter surkhi
shall be made of well burnt bricks or brick bats and shall pass through a sieve
of 2.5 meshes per sq. cm. (144 meshes per sq. m) Surkhi is preferable for
better concrete.
Lime shall be white fat lime and shall be
freshly burnt and free from ashes and other foreign matters lime shall be
sleacked at site of work and screened through a sieve of 3 meshes to a cm ( 8
meshes to an inch)
PROPORTION : -
The conc. Shall consists of 1 cum of brick ballast, 0.32 cum of surkhi and 0.16
cum of white lime in the proportion of 100:32:16 by volume. Mixing shall be
done on a clean water tight measuring platform of sufficient size. Brick
ballast shall be stretched in a rectangular layer of uniform thickness usually
30 cm (12")
high and well soaked with
clean water for a well soaked with clean water for a period of at least three
hours.
Lime and
surkhi shall be measured with wooden box in the proportion 1:2 and mixed
thoroughly dry to have uniform colour. The dry mix of lime and surkhi shall be
spread over the stacked ballast to the required thickness to give the specified
proportions. The materials shall be than mixed dry turning at least three times
clear water shall then be added slowly and gradually by water consists the
required glading while mixing and the materials mixed thoroughly by turning at
least three times so that whole surface of earth each ballast gets coated with
mortar and the mix becomes plastic of uniform colour of workable consistency
and should be such that the ballast do not separate from the mortar. Concrete
shall be used for big work the mixing shall be done by machine. In this case
aggregate and used mortar shall be powdered in the drum . While it is
revolving. The water shall be added slowly to the required quality and the
mixing shall be continued for at least one minute till a mix of uniform colour
and workable consistency is obtained and should be such that the ballast do not
separate from the mortar.
LAYING AND COMPACTING
: - Bed of foundation trench shall be lightly spriualed with water
before concrete is laid. Concrete shall be laid slowly and gently in layers of
not more than 20 cm and thoroughly consolidated to 15 cm with 6 kg. iron
rammers. During consolidation conc should be kept from earth , dust leaves and
other foreign matters. The consolidation shall be checked by water test by
digging a rate of about 7.5 cm. dia and 7.5 cm. deep in the conc. And filling
water. The water level of should not sink more than 1.25cm. in 15 minutes is
concrete has been well consolidated.
JOINT AND CONSECUTIVE LAYERS : - When joint in a
layer of concrete are of concrete are unavoidable, the end shall be sloped at
angle of 300 and junctions of different layers shall break joints.
In laying upper layer of concrete the lower surface shall be made rough and
cleaned and watered before upper layer is laid.
CURING : - After about two hours laying when concrete
has begun to harden, it shall be kept damp by covering with wet gunny bag or
wet sand for 24 hours and then covered by flooding with water making mud walls
7.5 cam (3") high or by covering with wet sand or earth and kept damp
continuously for 15 days.
REINFORCEMENT CEMENT CONCRETE : - Steel : Steel
reinforcing bars shall be of mild steel or deformed steel of standard
specifications and shall be free from corrosion , loose rust scales, oil,
grease, paint etc. The steel bar shall be round, and capable of being bent
accurately and placed in position as per design and drawing and bound together
tight with 20 S.W.G. anneled steel wire at their point of intersection . bars
shall be bent cold by applying gradual and even motion of 40 mm(11/2" )
diameter and above may be bent by heating to dull red and allowed to cool
slowly without immersing in water or quectings. Joints in the bar should be
avoided as far as possible , when joint's have to be made an overlap of 40
times diameters of the bar shall given with proper hooks at ends and joints
should be staggered.
CENTERING AND SHUTTERING : - Centering and shuttering
shall be made with timber or steel plate close and tight to prevent leakage or
mortar with necessary props, bracing and wedges, sufficiently strong and stable
and should not yield on laying concrete and made in such a way that they can be
stacked and removed gradually without disturbing the concrete. No plastering
should be made on the concrete surface. A coat of oil washing should be applied
over the shuttering or paper should be spread to have a smooth and finished
surface and to prevent adherence of concrete.
PROPORTION OF CEMENT CONCRETE : - Cement concrete
shall be 1:2:4 proportion by volume for slabs, beams and linlets and 1:1^:3
proportion for columns under otherwise specified.
MATERIAL FOR CONCRETE : - Cement, sand and coarse
aggregate shall be same as for cement concrete. The stone aggregate shall be
usually 20mm to 6mm ( %" to %") gauge unless otherwise specified.
MIXING : - Mixing shall be done one a clean water
tight, masonary plot form of sufficient size bricks, Ballast shall be starched
in a rectangular layer of uniform thickness usually 30 cm ( 12") high and
well soaked with clean water for a w ell soaked with clean water for a period
of at least three hours.
LAYING : - Before laying the concrete, the shuttering
shall be clean free from dust and other foreign matters. The concrete shall be
deposited ( not dropped) in its final position. If case of columns and usually
it is desirable to place concrete in full height if practical so as to avoid
construction joints but the progress of concreting in the vertical direction
shall be restricted to one meter per hour. Care should be taken that the time
between mixing and placing of concrete shall not exceed 20 minutes so that the
initial setting process is not interfered with .
Concrete shall be compacted by mechanical
vibrating machine until a dense concrete is obtained. The vibration shall
continue during the entire period of placing concrete.
CURING : - After about two hours laying when concrete
begun to harden it shall be kept dump by covering with wet gummy bag or wet
sand for 24 hours and then curved by flooding with water making mud walls 3.5cm
(3") high, or by covering with wet sand or earth and kept damp
continuously for 15 days.
FINISHING
: - If specified the exposed surface shall be plastered with 1:3 cement
mortar not exceeding 6mm thickness and the plastering shall be applied
immediately after removal of conc.
MEASUREMENT : -
Measurement shall be taken in cu. M ( cuft.) for the finished work and no
deduction shall be made for the volume of steal. Steal reinforcement shall be
measured under a separate item in quintal . Plastering if any shall not be
included in the measurement. The rate for R.C.C. work shall be for the complete
work excluding steel but including centering and shuttering and all tools and
plants.
MATERIALS : - Damp proof course shall consists of
cement coarse sand and stone aggregate of 1:1% :3 proportion with 2% of impermo
or cam seal or ACCO proof by weight of cement or other standard water proofing
compound. (1Kg. per bag of cement) . The damp proof course shall be applied at
the plinth level in a horizontal layer of 2.5 cm thickness. The cement shall be
fresh, Portland cement of standard specification. The sand shall be clean,
coarse of 5 mm size and down and the stone aggregate shall be hard and tough of
20 mm size well glade and free from dust and dirt, compo seal, puldo, cico and
other standard water proofing compound may be used, and the quantity shall be
used as per instructions of the manufacturers.
MIXING : - Mixing shall be done in a masonry platform
or in a short iron tray in the proportion of 1:1%:3 by measuring with messing
boxes. The cement is first mixed thoroughly with the water proofing compound to
the required quantity and then mixed dry with the sand in the proportion of
1:1.5
LYING : - The level of the surface of the plinth
shall be checked longitudinally and transversely. The top of walls at damp
proof cause should be lard with fears of the best downward. Aside from
shuttering of strong wooden bottom of 2.5cm thickness shall' be fixed properly
and formally a both sides to confine the concrete so that the shuttering does
not get disturbed during compaction and mortal does not leak through. Thinner
edges of the shuttering shall be or led toprevoutcondateabhesing.
PAINTING : - with Asphalt: - Two coats of asphalt
painting may be applied on the upper surface of damp proof cause of, specified.
The first coat of hot asphalt uniformly on the surface when the concrete is dry
and the painted surface is blinded immediately with coursed and the surface is
tamped lightly the second coat of hot asphalt at/kg per sq. mt. (10kg % sqft).
Should then be applied uniformly and the surface is ambling with cause sand and
tamped lightly.
2cm damp proof
ceases: - the damp proof cease maybe of (%') thick layer of 1:2 cement. Coarse
sand mortar with standard. Water proofing compound at the rate of 1kg per bag
of cement.
BRICKS : - All brick shall be first class of standard
specification made of good brick earth through brunt. And shall be of deep
cheesy led or copper color. Brick shall be regular in a shape and their edge.
Should be Sharpe and shall emit clear. Ringing sound on being struck and shall
be free from cracks chops. Flaw and lumping of any kind bricks shall not absorb
water more then one sixth by ompreesing in water. Bricks shall have a min
crushing strength of 105kg.per sum
MORTAR : - Mortar shall be specified and material of
mortar shall be of standard specification. Sand be shall be sharp. Clean and
free from organic forge in matter for rich mortar coarse or medium sand should
be used and free from area mortar local fine sand may be used. proration of
cement sand may be lime surki mortar of specified shall be mixed in the specie
field proportion by grinding in mortar for at least three hours as same day of
use. Lime shall be fresh and slaked and screened at site of work fresh mixed
mortar within 24 hours shall be used old and state mortar should not be used
for small work hand work mixing may be allowed in same manner as for cement
motor described above.
SOAKING OF BRICKS : - Buck shall be fully soaked in
clean water by submerging in a tank for a period of 12hourns immediately before
use. Soaking shall be continued till air bubbling a caused.
LAYING : - Bricks stall be well bonded and laid in
England bond unless otherwise specified. Every course shall be trendy
horizontal and wall shall be tendly in plumb. Vertical joint of commiserative
course shall be not trendy in plumb. vertical joint of conservative coarse
shall be not came directly over come one another vertical joints in alternate
coarse shall came directly over one another . Not damaged or broken bricks shall
be used. Closer shall be cut out bricks and shall be placed near and the walls
but not at the other edge selected best shaped bricks shall be used for face
work. Mortar joints shall not exceed 6mm in thickness and joints shall be fully
filled with mortar bricks shall be lad with finger. all the joints should be
lacked and faced upward cleaned at the end of each day's working.
CURING : - The brickwork shall be kept wet for a
period of at least 10 days after laying. At the end of day's work. The top of
walls shall e flooded with water by matter small weak mortar edging to contain
at least 2-5 deep.
PROTECTION : - The brick shall be protected from the
effect of sun saint feast etc during the construction and up to such time at is
green and likely to be damaged.
SCAFFOLDING : -
Necessary and suitable scaffolding shall be sound and sports and member
sufficiently strong so as to withstand. All loads likely to come upon them.
MEASUREMENT : - Brickwork shall be measured in cu m
(cu it) different kind of brickwork with different mortar shall be taken under
separate items. The thickness of wall shall be taken under. multiple of half
brick as half brick 10cm , 1 brick 20cm ,1% brick 30cm and 50, the rate shall
be for the complete work molding scaffolding and all the tools and plants
BRICK WORK 2nd CLASS AND 3rd CLASS :-
For 2nd class brickwork brick shall be of sec class and mortal be as specified
may be canker lime or white lime and surki of 1:2 to 1:3 proportion. Mortal
joint shall be not exceeding 10mm % in thickness. Brick shall be soaked in
water for at last three holus immediately before use other details are some as
for item above. For 3rd class brickwork shall be as specified and
mortar joints shall not of water before use.
BRICK WORK IN MUD MORTAR : - Brick work shall be
specified, may be 2nd class of 3rd. the mud should be
made of selected earth of tenacious nature so that it stick and binds bricks
the earth should be soaked in water at least. One day before and then worked up
with water by least. One day before and then worked up with water by laborer
treading it. Until at is perfect free from lumps and from a thick plastic mix.
Joints should exceed % 12mm thickness soaking of English bond note more than
6cm 2 height of brick work shall cause shall be truly horizontal other details
of laying, protection, scaffolding and measurement.
MATERIALS : - Brick shall be strictly of first class
quality and selected first class brick shall be used mortar shall be fresh
Portland cement. Sand shall be cause and free from foreign matter. Steel
reinforcement cement shall be of standard specification as described in items.
CENTERING AND SHUTTERING :- The cantering and
shuttering shall be made with planking or sheeting of bombed pocked together at
the required level supported on runner of beans and covered with a thin layer
about 2.5cm thick of earth finish off with a light sprinkle of sand. The
cantering shall be simple in const. so that it could be easily removed without
disturbing the structure. The planting shall be kept clear of the bearing of
slab. And will rest on class beams only. Planks shall not blond too closed to
tender them liable to jam. Closes beam shall be carried on the walls supported
intervals by ballies or temporary dry brick piles. The top surface of centering
shall be given a camper of 2mm for every 30cm. of span, up to a max of 4cm of
lintels.
MIXING OF MORTAR : - Mortar of cement and sand shall
be thoroughly mixed in the proportion of 1:3. First by fixing dye and them and
added water slowly and gradually and mixing by turning at least three to get
uniform plastic mix of workable consistency so that the motor may be packed.
Sound the rein for cement. Quantity of water shall not exceed 25ltr / bag of
cement motor shall be mixed just before it is actually required. And shall
within 30min. state mortar shall never be used.
LAYING :- All bricks shall be thoroughly soaked with
water for not less than hours immediately before use brick shall laced frogs
downward over the cantering in straight line II to the direction of the rein
force meant bass leaving the required. Gap for mortar joint. No vertical joint
should. Come along the inner edge of the wall. The gap for mortar joint in
which reinforcement has to be placed shall not be less than four times the
diameter of bar so as to provide a cover of 12 mm % an all sides of the steal
bass, usually mortar joint shall be 32 mm to 40 mm (1% to 1%) other joints where
these will not be any bar be 6mm to 10mm ( % to 3.8) thick.
CURING :- After about two hours laying when concrete
has begun to harden it shall be kept. Damp by covering with wet gunny by or wet
sand for 24 hours and thin corned by finding with water making mud walls 7.5cm
1/3 high or by covering with wet sand or earth and kept damp continuously for
15 days.
MEASUREMENT :- Measurement shall be taken in cu mt
(as ft) for the finished work and as deduction shall be made for the volume of
steel. Steal reinforcement shall be measured. Under a separate item in quintal.
Plastering if any shall not include in the measurement. The rate for R.C.C.
work shall be for the complete work excluding steel. But including cantering
and shuttering a dell tools and plants.
PLASTERING CEMENT MORTAR OR LIME MORTAR: - The joint
of the brick work shall be raked out to depth of 18mm. (3/4) and the surface of
the wall shall be washed. And kept wet for two days plastering. The materials
of mortar, cement and sand as lime and surki or sand, or kanker lime as
specified should be of standard specification. The materials or mortar shall be
first dry mixed by measuring with boxes to have the required proportion and
then water added slowly and gradually and mixed thoroughly. The thickness of
plasters shall be as specified. Usually 12mm ( % ) applied in two or three
Coats. To ensure uniform thickness of plaster patches of 15 X 15 (6") strip 1m (3) apart or 10 cm 4 uncle
plasters shall be applied first at about 2m (6) apart. To act as a guide first
mortar shall be dashed and pressed over the surface and then brought to a true
smooth and uniform surface by means of float and trader. External plastering
shall be started from top and worked down. Towards floors. Internal plastering
shall be started wherever the building frame is ready and cauering of the roof
slabs have been removed. Cooling plastering shall be edges shall be sounded.
The plastered surface shall be kept wet for 10 days. The surface should be
protected from rain sun, frost etc. Curing shall be started as soon as the
plaster has hardened sufficiently not to be damaged when watered. The plaster
shall be kept wet for at least 10 days. Any defective plaster shall be cut in
rectangular shape and replace. Note:- Different
proportion of mortar which may be used for plastering Cement sand
mortar:- 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 cement, lime, sand mortar 1:1:6 C:L:S. lime surkhi
or sand mortar:- 1:1, 1:2, kankar lime mortar kankar lime stone for ceiling
plastering 1:3 cement mortar coarse sand & generally used cement, lime sand
mortar is slow setting and has better workability than cement sand mortar.
PAINTING (CEMENT OR LIME MORTAR) : - The joint of the
brick shall be raked out to depth of 20cm % and surface of the wall washed and
cleaned and kept for two days before painting , the material of motor shall be
first dymiored by measuring with bares to have the request proportion of the
specified the material of motor shall be first dry mix by measuring with boxes
to have the required proportion of specified the kanker lime and soda for the
matter of adding water slowly and gradually thoroughly mix. Mortar shall than
be applied in the joined slightly in the excess and pressed by the proper tool
of the required shape hectometer of any is removed and the surface finished.
Br8icks shall b e cleanly defined to give a neat appurtenance after painting
the surface shall be for seven days.
FLUSH PAINTING : - The mortar shall be pressed into
the trea6 into the sacked cleaned and wet joints and level with the edges of
the bricks to give a smooth appearance the edge shall be neatly teemed with a
trawl and straight edge.
RULLED PAINTING : - The mortar shall be pressed into
the sacked cleaned be formed the wet joints and a groove of the shape and size
of 5 o 6 mm deep shall be formed ramming a forming tool of steel along the
center line of the joints . the vertical joints also be finished in a similar
way at the right angle to the horizontal lines . the finished work shall be
give a neat and clean appearance with straight edge.
WEATHER OF TRUCK
PAINTING : - The mortar shall be applied another sacked clean and wet
joints and the horizontal joints and the horizontal jobs shall be slapped so
that the jobs is sloping framing to bottom . the vertical shall be finished as
rule foaming
RAISED OF TRUCKED
PAINTING : - The mortar shall be applied in racked cleaned and wet
joints in the excess to foam raised . the mortar shall be pressed and run with
the wiper tool raised to the bands of 6 mm out of 10mm with directed
MEASUREMENTS : - Measurement shall be taken in a cu
mm be fished and no deduction shall be made for volume of steel informant shall
be measured under a separate atom in quite plastering of shall be measured of
all may be shall not be included in the measurements . The rate for the
rockwork shall be before excluding steel but including tool and plants
LIME PAINTING :- While all lime and shell be slacked
of rile of work and mixed in the proportion of 3 of lime and shell lime and
they have thought mixed with the frequently mixed with sufficient quantity
under the drum . The mixture shell them be screened thoroughly a course cloth
into another and allowed to settle down for few days which are in clear water
shall be dictated and the cream like a paste of lime shall be taken from
leaving reduce of the bottom for the places application. those should be
cleaned in the applied coarse soda send lime and prepped lime paste of the
proper triply the viewed in the uniform to 3 mm (1/8") thickness by wood
this should be handle with the help of cement and rubbing with the steel trawl
to ahead the surface of thru smoothness of the kept mist for seven days after
ruining shall be applied plastered surface when the plaster are hardened.
CONCRETE
FLOOR : - The cement concrete floor shall be proportion 1:2:4 or 1: 2 j-
: 3 ^as the specified . Cement shall be fresh port cement of standard
specification. The coarse aqgg. shall be hard and tought of 20 mm ( -")
and free from dust etc. The sand shall be coarse of shall be 5 mm max size and
down well gladded, clean free from dust, dirt and organic mattar.
The floor shall
be leveled and driver into panel of size not exceeding 1 mater in is smaller
dimension and 2meter in large dimension. Glass or AL ads 3mm thick and depth
equal to the thickness of floor shall be fixed on the base given in the floor
for drawing wash water.
COLORED FLOOR: - For colored finish the surface shall
be finished with colored cement floor the thickness of the two layer shall be
19mm and 6mm for polished floor thaw thickness of the two layer shall be 2.5mm
to allow for getting and polishing. BASE :- In
ground floor the cement concrete floor is shall be7.5 base of lime came or weak
cement concrete as per standard specification. If the bases consist of cement
concrete it shall be allowed o set for about 7day in case the base in of weak
cement concrete the flooring shall commenter within 48 hours of laying the
base. The thickness of c.c. floor for office building, school, in upper floor
should be 4cm 11/2. MOSAIC OR TERRAZZO FLOOR : -
The mosaic floor consists of two layers the bottom layer 2 cm to 2.5 cm cement
concrete 1:2:4 or 1: 2 j : 3 ^ as specified and the upper layer 6mm thick
consisting of a mix of marble clops and cement in the of one plat vow cement
and pelt of cement and part of marble chips. The top layer is laid on the
following day. It shall be laid more than the specified thickness in order to
get the specified thickness after cutting and finishing cement shall be of
standard specification the sand shall be cause well graded, clean and free from
don't and .the stone gilt shall be hard and tough of 12 mm gauge well graded
clean and free from dust and dist. The marble chip be of 3mm gauge having max
size max size 3mm and min size 5mm large of marble chip limited 6mm in use of
floor and big room cement concerti shall be prepared for mixing the interred
dry by measuring with box and shall be mixed dry and .this dry mixed but shall
be mixed with stone chip dry and then mixed by adding water slowly and then
start uniformly mixed with water and cement washed then they came in the led by
glass A strips and leveled with wooden floods
The
marble chip cement are measuring with require proportion 1st dry
mixed and thanthrouthtly vaguely to have uniform plastic mix. Within 2hours of
laying bottom layer cement concerti in the upper layer of chips and they shall
be lead and the surface temped slightly and finished perfectly in the level of
strife edge and they shall be covered with wet bag and covered desirable for 2
days. the surface shall be cut or ground by rubbing with sand stone blocks and
all the cement in the surface remove a need cement wash shall than big be given
in the surface and left undesirably for 6 days with cop. Stone of different
grade starting with coarse and finer ones by rubbing cont. with a uniform
ground paper the surface should be kept after final rubbing with clean water
Mosaic or terrazzo file floor: - precast manufactured
mosaic or tear file are used. brick on edge or brick
flooring over 7.5cm lime
CONCRETE : - Surface removes a need cement wash shall
than big be given in the surface and left undesirably for 6 days with cop.
Stone of different grade starting. The surface of base lime mixed and
thanthrouthtly is mixed dry and. plastic mix. Within 2hours of laying bottom
layer cement concerti in the upper layer of chips and they shall be lead and
the surface temped slightly and finished perfectly in the level of strife edges
specified with the water plastic mix. within 2hours of laying bottom layer
cement concerti in the upper layer of chips and they shall be lead and the
surface temped slightly and finished perfectly in the level of strife edge the
e surface should the bricks cement motor as specified.
WHITE WASHING : - Fresh white lime slacked as the
site of work should be act as the marking of the quality required with the help
of clean water screened through a coarse clothes cloth and gun in the
proportion are in the dry type of the work and they shall applied of flushing
the four few days which are in clear water shall be dictated and the cream like
a paste of lime shall be taken from leaving reduce of the bottom for the places
application. those should be cleaned in the applied coarse soda send lime and
prepped lime paste of the proper triply the viewed in the uniform to 30mm
thickness by wood this should be handle with the help of cement and rubbing
with the steel trawl to ahead the surface of thru smoothness of the kept mist
for seven days Cloud washing: - cloud are shall be propped with fresh started
in the cloud pigment with the required quantity with day of wash shall be
applied for one or specified the method of the applications are for white
washing The materials or mortar shall be first dry mixed by measuring with
boxes to have the required proportion and then water added slowly and gradually
and mixed thoroughly.
DISTEMPERING :- The distempering shall be of best
quantity and closured the distemper should be mixed and wat6er added as laid
power and shirred through and the part past is allowed to sand for a new minute
. The past is then turn with water too have a thin cream if the surface is
rough it should be smooth with sand paper. The surface must be perfectly dry
before distempering is command. In the new cement plaster the surface shall be
washed over with the selection of zinc sulphate one 1kg in 10 ltr of water and
then closed today in old surface shall be prepared with water. Plaster of Paris
where required & then whole surface sand prepared & washed &allowed
to dry. The number of coats shall be two or as specified. The distemper shall
be kept well surred in containers & shall be applied with broad brushes.
First horizontally &immediately crossed vertically. Brushing should not be
continued too long to avoid brush marks .The second shall be applied after the
first coats is dried up. After each
day's
work the brushes will be washed kept dry distempering should be done during dry
weather but not during the hot weather Nor wet weather.
OIL DISTEMPER :- Oils
distemper is similar to ordinary dry distemper in powder form in oil distemper
compound oil is mixed by manufacturer while manufacture for application of oil
distemper is mixed with the required quantity of water & then applied on
surface. This method of preparation & application
are similar as described above.
GENERAL: -Snowcem consists of a base of white cement
mixed with finely powdered coloring pigment to have the desired color and with
addition of small quantities of ingredients. It gives a water proof surface
snowcem is solid by manufacturer in 50kg drums. 25 kg drums & 5kg of
various colors. The snowcem of desired color may be chosen.
MIXING : - Only
fresh snowcem should be used .Hard or set snowcem should not be used .The
content should be made loose by rolling and shaking the container before
opening the container. First a paste shall be prepared by mixing 2 parts of
snowcem powder with one part of water by volume &immediately this should be
thinned by adding one another part of water to have a uniform solution of
consistency of paint
APLLICATION
: - The surface should be cleaned to remove the dust by use of soft wire
brush. The surface shall than be wetted by sprinkling the water &water
should allow running off. The fresh mixed snowcem should be applied with good
quality brush .The first coat shall be well brushed into the surface to form a
good bond. Snowcem should be used within the hour of mixing & should be
kept stirred during the application. At the end of day each application of
snowcem the surface should be wetted with fine water spray for curing.
After a day
second coat of snowcem of similar preparation should be applied on wetted
surface & second coat should be applied carefully to give uniform &good
finished appearance. Covering capacity of 50kg of snowcem for two coats of on
plastered surface is 100sq.m
DECORATIVE
CEMENT COLOUR WASHING> For decorative as well as water
repellent
washing on the external surface of building white cement mixed with
color(pigment) other ingredient may be used the quantity(proportion) of the
different ingredient in percentage basis as well as per bag of cement are
givebelow:-
White cement Slaked lime Powered glue
Alum
Aluminum Stearate Plaster of Paris
75%
10% 10% 2% 1.5% 2.5%
50
kg 6.5 kg 6.5 kg 1.3 kg 0.33 kg 1.63 kg
To get the desired color and shade powdered
metallic color should be mixed with white cement to extent of 5% to 10% of
white cement by weight (2.5kg to 5kg per bag of cement).
MIXING AND PREPRATION : - Slaked lime should be
dissolved in cold water &powered alum should be dissolved in hot water in
separate container the solution should be thin & should be screamed through
a piece of cloth and prepared & kept ready in advance of application
At
the time of application white cement plaster of Paris, aluminum sterate and
color should be mixed intimately in the above mentioned proportion &the
mixer added to slaked lime solution & stirred continuously .The alum
&glue solution should be added & stirred continued .Fresh water should
be added to bring the solution to consistency of cream similar to oil paint.
The final mixed solution should consist of all ingredients in
proportion mentioned above .The mixing should
by batches of about one fourth bag cement at a time with other ingredients in
same proportion. A uniform consistency should be maintained for all batches of
mix .Only so much quantity as can be used within half an hour should be
prepared &mixed at a time.
APPLICATION OF WASH : - Before the wash is applied,
the surface should be lubbed& cleaned off all loose dust &dirt and wash
with water .The mixed cement should be applied event with bead distemper
brushes second should be applied after 4 hours &during this period the
surface should be kept most.
CURING: - After
application of cement the surface should be kept moist for at least 2days by
frequent light sprinkling of water .Surface should be protected from
Hudson& drying winds by hanging hersiancloth on the scaff of day &
periodically wetting with water.
COVERING CAPACITY: - One bag of white cement (50 kg)
mixed with other gradients will cover an area of 80sq m to 100sq m for two
coats over plastered surface. One expert washer (white washer))& one by can
coolie can wash 30sq m to 40sq m per day for first coat and 40sq m to 50 sq m
per day for second .
PAINTING: - The brand of paint shall be specified
& readymade paint of required color should be used .if thinner is required,
pure turpentine may be added to required extent. The surface should make
perfectly smooth by rubbing with sandpaper of different grades first with
coarse one and successively with fine sand papers. All holes & open joints
should be filled with strong putty or with a mixture of glue & plaster of
Paris and smoothened by rubbing with sand paper.
The number of
coats shall be as specified in new work one priming coat & then two coat of
paint shall be applied with brushes evently& smoothly by closing &
laying off in the direction of grains of wood work and no brush mark should be
visible . Each coat shall be perfectly by before the next is applied. Before
the next coat is applied the surface shall be rubbed with sand paper to give
smooth & glazed surface .the paint should be stirred in container
immediately before use. Brush should be cleaned and washed with turpentine at
the end of days work and kept dry. If stiff paint is used it should be first
prepared by mixing with double boiled with linseed oil &turpentine to thin
cream. For measurement of painting a different work .we done above if old paint
is to be removed it may be removed with washing with soda water or with caustic
soda. The surface should be dried and rubbed with sand paper before the paint
is applied .In old painted surface of paint is not required to be removed .but
required repainting the surface should be washed with soap water and then paint
shall be applied .In steel work exposed to weather the painting should be done
either with red oxide paint or with aluminum paint.
VARNISHING : - Knots, holes, cracks etc. shall be
filled and covered with putty made of whitening and linseed oil. The wood work
shall be rubbed down with sand sufficiently smooth to remove any grains marks
and shall be cleaned beforehand. Two coat of boiled linseed oil or two thin
coat of glue as specified shall be applied and each such coat shall be allowed
to dry up and rubbed down smooth with a fine sand paper .The varnish shall be
applied
To dry up and
rubbed down smooth with a fine sand paper. The varnish shall be applied with
brush using strong firm of brushes and spread evenly...the brush should be of
good quality and perfectly cleaned. In the case sand paper shall be rubbed
across the gain which may cause the finest marks on the finished surface.
Specified quality of copal varnish shall be laid on the prepared surface in
thin coats unless any other is mentioned. For new wood work a second coat shall
be applied after the first coat of varnish has thoroughly dried up. Varnishing
shall be done during dry weather and should not to allow to be undertaken in
rainy days.
PAINTING
STEEL AND IRON WORK : - All rust scales, dirt, supplier delivery marks,
oil, grease, etc shall be removed by rubbing with sand paper before painting
.Special care shall be taken for cleaning of corners .All structural steel work
shall be painted with red lead before erecting except the surface which will be
in contact with conc. Where corrosive effects is likelihood from sea
,atmosphere ,a coat of raw linseed oil shall be applied on surface immediately
after cleaning and before the first coat of red lead is applied .Two to three
coats of approved ready manufactured paint or ready mixed paint shall be
applied at right angles to each other after erection
Of the
structural member .Each coat shall be allowed to dry up perfectly before the
final caot is applied .Painting shall be done in dry weather.
POLISH : - Pure
shellac. varying from pale orange to lemon yellow color free from
resin,dirt,etc shall be dissolved in methylate spirit at the rate of 0.15kg of
shellac to 1 liter of spirit .Suitable pigment shall be added to get the
required shade.
PREPARATION OF SURFACE: - The surface of timber shall
be cleaned and rubbed down smooth with sand paper Knots if visible shall be
covered with a preparation of lead and glue laid on. While hot holes and
indentation on surface shall be filled with putty &smoothened .The surface
shall be then be given a coat of filler made by mixing whiting in methyl ate
spirit at the rate of 1.5kg of whitening per liter of spirit .The surface shall
be rubbed down perfectly smooth with glass paper and wiped clean APPLICATION : - A pad of woolen cloth covered by a
fine cloth shall be used apply the polish. The pad shall be moistened with the
polish & rubbed hard on the wood in series of over lapping circles applying
the polish sparingly but uniformly over the entire surface to give uniform
surface.No. of coats shall be as specified .The second coat shall be applied
after the first is dried, in the same way for first coat...
WOOD
WORKS : - All wood work of which the scantling exceeds 20sqm section
& which is not specially molded or curved .This include all timber work in
check hates of doors and windows in roof work as beams, struts, ties , etc.
Timber shall as specified may be teak , sheesham , Sal , deodar , etc .The
timber should be of best quality well seasoned angle free from shap ,knot ,
works , cracks or any other defect .The scantling shall be sawn in direction of
grains .All wood work shall be planed and neatly and truly finished to exact
dimension .All joints shall be neat &strong , truly &accurately fitted
and coat with white lead , before fitting together all portion of timber of
built into or containing masonry or conc. shall be given two coats of solignum
or tar or other approved preservation 7exposed surface of timber shall be
painted with two coats of approved paint over a coat priming .
All
beams shall be bedded on plates with a minimum bearing of 25cm and 6cm clear
air space shall be left on each side .No wood work shall be fixed within 60cm
of any fire work place.
Measurement of
wood work shall be taken in cum for the finished work fixed in position
including sawing; planning, jointing, etc. painting of wood work shall be
measured under separate item.
DOORS AND WINDOW : - Timber shall be of kind as
specified may be of teak, shisham, Sal deodar. Timber shall be of best quality
well seasoned The timber should be of best quality well seasoned angle free
from shap, knot, works, cracks or any other defect .The scantling shall be sawn
in direction of grains .All wood work shall be planed and neatly and truly
finished to exact dimension .All joints shall be neat &strong, truly
&accurately fitted and coat with white lead, before fitting together.
CHOUKHATS : - The choukhats shall be properly framed
and joined by mortise and tension joint with hard wooden pins and the joints
shall be coated with white lead before being fitted together. The choukhats
shall be of section as per drawing may be 7.5*10cm or similar shall be painted
with two coats of soligum and the other faces shall be painted with a prime
coat before fixing in position.
SHUTTERS OR LEAVES : -
The shutters may be paneled, glazed and palt glazed, battened, or ventilation
As specified .The thickness of shutter shall be 3 to 5cm. The styles rails and
panels shall be planned and neatly and truly finished to exact dimension .The
styles and rails shall be framed properly and accurately with mortise and tonon
joint fixed with wooden pins Panels shall be one piece without any joint and
shall be fixed with 12m insertion into the rails and styles provided with
moldings as per design. The thickness of panel shall be 12 to 25mm .All rail
over 15cm in width shall have double tenon. No tenon shall exceed one fourth of
thickness of plank for glazed windows sash bars shall not be less than 40*40 mm
and glass shall be fixed with nays and putty or with wooden beddings over felt
as specified .All joint shall be glued before being fitted.
FITTINGS: - All
doors shall be provided with handle on both sides and all windows with handle
on inner side .One of doors of each room shall be provided with sliding bolts
on outer side for locking, lower bolts, hook bolts, stops for keeping the
leaves open and also wooden block to prevent leaves striking the jambs of wall
etc. shall be provided. The fittings may be of iron , brass or oxidizing as
specified of approved quality of screws shall be of suitable length and correct
dia and shall be fixed with screw driver and not hammering.
PAINTING : -
The surface of shutters and choukhats shall be painted with two coats of
approved paint over a coat of priming. Faces of choukhatin contact with masonry
shall be painted with two coats of soligum preservative before fixing. A prime
coat of painting with primer paint shall be applied on remaining surface before
fixing in position.
MEASURMENT : - The rate shall be for complete work
including hanging &fixing in position .The choukhat shall be measured in
cum under wood work for the finished work &the length of tenons shall be
added to right length .The measurement of shutters shall be taken in sq m for
finished work in closed position of overlap of two shutters shall not be
measured .The painting shall be measured separately under a separate item in sq
m. The cost of fitting may be excluded if specified &fitting supplied by
department or owner but the fixing of fitting or hanging in position shall be
included in late.
GLAZING : - Glass shall be of the best quality and
free from the bubbles, scratches, and other defects. The thickness of glass may
be 3mm or specified. The glass panels shall be fixed in 15mm rebate the wooden
frame leaving 1.5mm clear gap all around for allowing the expansion. The rebate
shall be painted before glass is fixed. Putty shall be of best quality made of
fine
Powdered
whitening and linseed oil, kneaded into a thick paste. First a thin layer of
putty shall be applied on the rebate then glass shall be fixed in position by a
few small nails &then putty shall be applied and pressed in position and
finished of neatly and in such a manner that no putty project beyond the rebate
. The putty then shall be applied with a coat of paint. In case of large glass
panels these should be fixed in rivets by molded. Wooden fillets all rounds
with brass or nickel screws inserting a strip of felt or rubber in rebates
under the glass to act as a cushion .The wooden fillets should be fixed with
painting.
CENTERING AND SHUTTERING / - Shuttering shall be
either of hard wooden planking 30mm thick .The shuttering shall be supported on
battens , beams , props , and wedges and properly across placed together so as
to make the form work sufficiently rigid strong and actable to support the wet
conc. Work and should not yield on working and laying conc. .Beams for
centering shall be carried and supported on the walls with double wedges under
neath and supported at intervals with props. Props shall consist of ballies or
brick pillars in mud mortar. Ballie props shall rest on double wedge placed
over wooden planks of 40mm thickness so as to facilitate tightening and causing
of centering and shuttering. In case of brick pillars &double wedges
inserted in between the sole plank and the beam of the centering and
shuttering.
The shuttering shall be
kept clear of wall bearing and made to rest on cross beams or battens. The
shuttering shall have smooth and even surface and its joint shall be closed
tight and shall not permit leakage of cement mortar if required the joints
shall be lined with craft paper or other approved material . Inner face of
shuttering shall be applied with a wash of molded oil raw linseed oil or other
approved material to prevent adherence of conc. For slabs &beams small
chamber shall be given in shuttering. Camber of 1cm per 2.50m or .5" per
10feet with a max 4cm.
Centering and
shuttering shall not be removed before 14 days in general.Centering and
shuttering shall be removed slowly and Carefully without any shock or vibration
by slackening and removing the wedges gradually in such a manner that no. part
of conc. And shuttering shall be measured in sqm and the surface area in
contact with conc. shall be measured.
MUD
PUSHKA TARRACING WITH TILE BRICK PAVING / - Mud phuska terracing will be
suitable in hot dry region where the rainfall doesn't exceed 130 per annum and
externally hot temperature occurs during summers.
MUD MORTARMUD MORTAR : - Mud mortar shall be prepared
from good brick earth free from grass, root, gravel, kankar, etc. The earth
shall be reduced to a fine powered state and mixed bhusa at 8kg per cu m of
mortar and then mixed with sufficient water in a pit. The mix shall be worked
up with spades and feet daily for at least 4 days so as to get a homogenous
mass...
*Laying: - The
mud mortar shall be laid on terrace the request thickness 75 cm to 10 cm and a
minimum moisture condition. The surface shall be checked with straight edge and
spirite level and corrected where necessary with the same mortar. The surface
shall be checked with straight edges and spirit level and if any cracks appear
these shall be filled with liquid cow dung.
MUD GOBRI PLASTER / - The surface shall then be given
a coat of 12mm plaster of mud gobri mortar 3:1 cow dung free from grass, stew
seeds and other impurities shall be soaked in water and powdered earth shall be
added in ratio of 3:1 and mixed thoroughly adding water to have homogeneous mix
of workable consistency. The mortar shall than be applied to a uniform
thickness of 12mm.
PAVING WITH BRICK :
-First class flat tiles 4cm thick well made of good brick earth be used. The
tiles shall be level dry on the mud gobri plaster before it dries up completely
with open joints not more than 6mm wide. Tile should be mastered by parapet
wall by 4cm. The open joints shall than be grouted with cement mortar 1:3 care
should be taken to see that no joints remain unfilled or partially filled. The
joints than shall be finished flush with surface. The tile paving shall be
cured by covering with wet bags or wet sand for at least seven days and during
this period the surface shall be protected from damage.
MEASURMENT: - The rate shall be for complete work of
mud layer of articulated thickness, mud gobri plaster and the tile paving. The
measurement shall be taken for finished work over the tiled surface in sq m no
deduction shall be made for opening or rises up to 0.4sq m.
Mud terracing may be over
R.C.C. slab or two layers of tiles or one layer of brick or one player of stone
slab or wooden planks supported on battens or beams of R.C.C. steel of timber.
One coat or two coat of
asphalt may be applied on base or concrete before laying the mud mortar if
specified.
DESIGN
OF SLAB ( ONE- WAY SLAB)
Room
= 2.8. x 4.8.m Assume 1 m width of slab.
acbc
= 7 N/mm2 ast = 230 N/mm2
M =
13.33 K = 0.23 J = 0.90 Q = 0.91 N/mm2
Assuming 2800 =25
d
d =112.00 mm D = 112+20+10 =137, Say 140
mm 2
Assuming bearing of slab = 300 mm Eff. span = 2.8+0.3 = 3.1 m LOADING
:-
self wt. of slab =0.140x 0.1x 25000 = 3500 N/m Live load = 2000x1 =
2000 N/m wt. of sand filling = 0.06x 1x 15.5x103 wt. of tile
tlooring = 0.04x1x11000= 440 N/m Total wt. = 6870 N/m
Max. B.M = WL2 8
= 6870X 3.12
= 82525 N-m 8
= 8252580 N-mm. Eff.depth of slab required. d = M
Qb
= 8252580 = 95mm 0.91x1000
= 95 < 162 - 0.k.
Area of steel per meter witdh of slab
Ast = M ast.j.d
= 8252580_______ = 35509
230x .90x 112
Area of one
10 mm / bar = II x102 78.54 mm 2
4
C/c spacing of to mm / bar =
= area of one bar x 1000/ total area of steel =78.54 x 1000/ 355.9=
220.7 mm2 say 220 mm2
which is less than 3d
= 3 x 112
=336 or 300 mm
Hence OK.
Actual Ast , = 1000 x 78.54 =357 mm2
( provided) -------------------------------------------
CHECK FOR EFF. DEPTH OF SLAB FROM DEFLECTION
CONSIDEATION
Pt = 100 Ast
bd
= 100 x 357 =0031 100x112
Fs
= 0.58 fy (Ast( req. ) Ast ( prov.) = 0.58 x 415 x 355.9
= 23909 N/mm2
For Pt = 0.31 % an Fs = 240 N/mm2 Kt. = 1.46. (l/d) = 20
Kt.
max.
( 3100 ) = 20 x 1.46
112 max.
27.7 = 29.2 ............................... Hence O.K.
Area of distribution st. = 0.12 % of
Total cross - section area.
=0.12x bd/100 = (0.12 x 1000 x 1400)/ 100=168 mm2 = 168 mm2
using 8 mm ^ bar as distribution to
Area of one 8 mm ^ bar =k
x 82 = 50.26 mm2
4
: spacing of 8 mm ^ bar = 50.26
x 1000
168
= 299 say
300 C/c
which is less than 5 d or 450, Hence O.K.
Max S.F.V = W L =
6870 x 208 /2 2
= 9618N
Nominal shear stress xv = V/ bd
=9618/1000x112 = 0.09 N/ mm2
for M 20
conc. & p =0.31 %
Tc = 0.22 + {0.30-0.22}x(
0.31-0.25) (0.50-0.25)
xc
= 0.24 n/mm2
from table,
for solid slab k = 1.30
.'. permissible shear stress for slabs,
xc = 0.24
x 1.30 = 0.31 N/mm2 .'. xv <
xc
Hence no shear reinforcement is required.
CHECK FOR DEVELOPEMENT LENGTH :-
set
alternate 10 mm Q bar bend up at a distance l/7
= 3.11 x 1000 = 443 mm 7
from centre of sopports
or 445 - 300 =
295mm from support 2
Astavavible at support = 1/2 x 356
= 178 mm2
ast.
Ast. j.d)
= 230 x 178 x 0.90 x 112
= 4126752 N- mm
Suppose the
bar are given 90 . bend at cetnre of support, its anchorage value.
Lo = 8^ = 8 x 10 = 80 mm M1 /V + Lo = 4126752
+ 80
9618
= 509 mm
Ld =4>ast = 100 x 230 = 449.2 mm 4xbd
4 x1.28
Since M1 + Lo >Ld
v
Hence code requirement is satisfied. ok
SLAB
DESIGN OF ALL ROOM SIZE = 3.2 m x 4.8 m
Assume 1 m
width of slab.
acbc = 7 N/mm2 ast
= 230 N/mm2
m = 280 = 13.33 36cbc
k = 0.29 j = 0.90
Q = o.91 N/mm2
Assuring span = 25 D
3.2 = 25 D
d = 3200 = 128 say 130 mm 25
D = 130 + 20 + 10/2 = 155 mm = 130+ 20 + 10 = 155
mm.
Assuming bearing of slab =
300 mm.
Eff. span = 3.2 + 0.3 = 3.5 m
LOADING :-
Self wt. = 0.155 x 1x 25000 = 3875 N/m.
live load = 2000 x 1 = 2000
N/m
Wt. of sand filling = 0.06 x 1 x 1505 x
103
= 930 N/m
Wt. of tile flooring = 0.04 x 1 x 11000
= 440 N/m
Total load = 724 N/m
Max. B.M = wl2 = 72 45 x 3 082
= 11094 N-m 8 8
= 11094000 N-mm Eff. Depth, d = M
Qb
= 11094000 = 110< 130 = Hence Ok O.91 x 1000
Adopt eff. depth of slab = d = 130 mm
Area of stoper m width of slab
Ast. = M = 11094000
ast.j.d
230 x 0.9 x 130
= 412 mm2
Area of one 14 mm ^ bar = k x 102 = 153.5 mm2
4
c/c spacing of 10 mm ^ bar = Area of one
bar x 1000.
412
= 190 mm c/c Which is less than 3 d or
300 mm
Hence ok
Actvalasc provided = 1000 x 78.54 = 413mm2
CHECK EFF. DEPTH OF SLAB FROM DEFLECTION CONSIDER ATION :-
Pt. = 100 Astbd
= 100 x 413 = 0.32% 1000x130
Fs = 0.58 fy [ Ast (required) ]Ast (provided)
= 0.58 x 415 [ 412] = 240N/mm2 413
Pt. = 0.32 & fs = 240 N/mm2
kt = 1.46
( L ) = 20 kt d
= 20 X 1.46
= 29.1
( l/d )max. = 3800 = 26.9 <
29.1 130
.............. Hence
Ok
DISTRUBUTION
STEEL :-
Area of distribution steel = 0.12 % of total
cross sectional area
= 0.12 x bd = 0.12
x 1000 x 155 100 100
= 186 mm2
using 8mm ^ bar as distribution steel
Area of one bar 8mm o = _II x
82 = 50.26 mm2
4
= 270 mm clc
which is less than 5 d or 450
.Hence ok
CHEAR
FOR SHEAR :-
Max Shear force, V = wl = 7248
x 302
2 2 =11592N
Nauinal
shear stress=Tv =V/ bd
= 11592
=0.09 N/mm2
Tc = 0.22+ {0.30-0.22}
x {.32-025} 0.50-0.25
= 0.25 N/mm2
v c
hence no shear reinforcement is required.
CHECK
FOR DEVELOPMENT LENGTH AT SUPPORT
let alternate gent up bar at
distance l/7
= 3.5 x 1000
= 500 mm from centre of supports 7
.'.
Astavavilableatt support = 1/2 x 413 = 206.5mm2
M1
=ast. j.d
=
230 x 206.5 x 0.9 x 130 = 5556915 N- mm
V = 11592N
suppot the bar are given 90' bend at the centre of support, its
encharege
value
for
8mm ^ Lo = 8 x 10 = 80mm M1/V + Lo = 556915
= 559.38
mm.
Ld_=4>ast
= 100 x 230
4 I 4 x 1.28
bd
Since
M1+Lo <Ld, Hence the code required is
satisfied. V
SLAB DESIGN (ONE- WAY):-
Lobby size
1.8m x 51.1m
acbc = 7 N/mm2,ast = 230
N/mm2
m =13.33
k =0.29
j =0.90
Q =0.91 N/ mm2
Asumingspan =25
d
=1800 =25 d
d= 72 mm
D= 72 + 20 + 8/2 = 96 mm
Effective span:-
c/c bearing
= 1.8 + 0.3 = 2.1 m.
LOADING :-
Self wt. of slab = 0.1x 0.1x 25000 = 2500
N/m live load = 2000x 1 =2000 N/m wt of sand filling = 0.06x 1x 15.5x1000 = 930
N/mm wt of tile flooring = 0.04x 1x 11000 = 440 N/m Total load =5870 N/m
CHECK
FOR EFF.DEPTH OF SLAB FROM DEFLECTION CONSIDERATION :-
Pt =100
Ast
= 100 x 218 =0.30 % bd
= (100 x
218) /1000 x 72 = 0.30 %
Fs =0.58 fy{ Ast ( req.) } Ast ( pro)
= 0.58 x 415 { 217.5 } 218
= 240 N /mm2 for pt = 0.30 %
& fs = 240 N/mm2
Kt. = 1.47
(l/d)max. = 20 Kt
1500/ 72 = 20 x 1.47
25 > 29.4 Hence O.k.
Check
for shear :-
Max S.F., V = WL =5870 x 1.8 2 2
= 5283 N
Nominal shear stress, xv =
V/bd
=5283=6.073
n/mm2 1000x 72
for m 20
conc. and p = 0.31 %
Tc =0.22+ {0.30-0.22
} x {.30 -0.25 }
0.50- 0.25 = 0.24 %
.'.
xv-xc, hence no shear reinforcement
is required.
CHECK
FOR DEVELOPEMENT LENGTH AT SUPPORTS :-
let
alternate 10 mmf bar be bent-up at a distance l/7
= 2.1 x 1000 7
=300mm from centre of support
Astavavilable
at support = 1/2 x 218 =109 mm2
M1 =ast. Ast. j.d
=
230 x 109 x 0.9 x 72 = 1624536 N-mm V =5283 N
suppose the bar are given at 90' bend at
the centre of support,
its
enchroge value
8x 10 =
|
80 mm.
|
Lo =
8^ =
M1 + Lo = 1624536 +
80 v 5283
= 388 mm
Ld =^ ast4xbd
= 18 x 230 = 359.3 mm 4 x 1028
M1 + Lo > hence code required. is satisfied.
v
BEAM
DESIGN at corner having L= 4.8m :-
acbc. = 7 N/mm2
ast. = 230 N/mm2
m = 13.33 k = 0.29 j = 0.90
Q = 0.91 N/mm2 (use M20 conc.& Fe 415 steel) Clear span
of beam = 4.8 m
let eff. depth of beam of = 1 of span
10
.-.
D = 480 + 40 = 520 mm ( assuming eff. cover 40 mm )
let wodth
of beam = b = 300 mm
.'. Size of assuming scetion of beam = 300 x 520 mm eff.
span of bean will be least of following :- Distance b/w centre of support = 4.8
+0 0.3 = 5.1m .'. Eff. Span of beam, l = 5.1m
Self wt. of beam
= 0.30 x 0.52 x 25000 = 3900 N/m
Slab load = 6870 = 6870 N/m 2
Total load
an beam = 7335 N/m
Max. B.M = wl2 = 7335 x 6.32
= 36390.7N-m 8 8
=36390000N-mm
Assume
section is balanced
Qbd2 = M
D = m = 36390000 Qb
0.91 x 300
= 365 mm
Which
is less than that assumed in working out load for calculation B.M. . Adopt
overall depth of beam D = 520
Avavilable
eff. depth assuming 14 mm ^ main bar,
d = 520- 20- 8- 14_ = 486 mm
2
Ast. of steel req. Ast. = .M
6st. j.d
= 36390000
= 363.2mm2 230 x 0.90 x 486
Area of one bar of 14 mm ^ = %/4 x 142
= 153.5 mm2
No. of bar req. = 363.2/ 153.5 = 2.55 say
3 bar
( Ast provided = 3 x 153.5 = 460.5 mm2)
CHECK FOR MINIMUM RAINFORCEMENT :-
As = 0.85 bd = 0.85
x 300 x 8484 fy 415
= 297.4 mm2
provide steel is more than min. required.
Hence sefe.
CHECK FOR DEPTH OF BEAM FOR DEFLECTION CONSIDERATION
p = 100 Ast = 100
x 460 = 0.32% bd 300 x 484
fs = 0.58
fy [ Ast. ( req.) ]
Ast.
(prov.)
= 0.58 x 415 x [ 363]
= 190 N/m 460
Kt = 1.81
(l/d)max. = 20 kt
= 20 x 1.8
= 36
5100/ 484 = 10.6
= 10.6 < 36.........
Hence ok
CHEK
FOR SHEAR :-
Nominal shear stress xv = _v_ = 17604
= 0.12 N/mm2
bd 300x
484
Max
permissible share stress for M20 = 1.8 N/mm2
Since
xv < xc max. Hence ok.
Assuming one
bar to be bent up at 45'
p = 100 As = 100x
2x 153.5 = 0.21% bd 300x
484
for p = 0.21% & M20
xc = 0.20
N/mm
xv >tc, shear raintorcemeant is required.
Shear force for shear reinforcement Vs = V-xcbd
= 17604-0.20 x 300 x 484 = 5410n
shear taken by bent-up bar =asv
x Asv x sind where Asc = 1 x ii x 142 = 153.9 mm2
4
.'. shear taken by bent up bar = 230 x 1539 x sin 45
= 24777.9
N
shear taken by bent up bar to Vs
2
=540/2
=2705<24777.9 n
.'.
Net shear to be resited by vertical stirrups,
Vs =
5410-2705 =2705 N
using 8mm ^ 2 legged stirrups
Asv =2 x ILx 82 =100.53 mm2
4
spacing ,Sv
= asv x Asv x d
= (140 x 100.53 x 484)/ 2704
= 2519 mm max. spacing as per min. shear reinforcement.
Sv = 0.87
Asvfy/0.4b
= 0.87x 100.53 x 250/ 0.4 x300
= 182 or 180 mm c/c spacing should not exceed the least of following :
i)
0.75 d = 0.75 x 484 = 363 mm
ii)
300 mm
provide
8 mm ^ 2 legged strrups @ 180 c/c throughout the length the
of beam
CHECK
FOR DEVELOPEMENT LENGTH (end enchorage) :-
M =ast.
Ast.j.dAst = 2 x 153.5 ( 2 bar are at supports) = 307.8 mm2
M1 = 230 x 307 x 0.90 x 484
= 30837866.4 N-mm V =17604N
Suppose the
bar given 90' bend at the centre of support, its inchorage
Lo = 84>
= 8 x 16 = 128 mm
.'. M1/ V + Lo = 30837866.4/ 17604 + 128
= 1879.9 mm Ld =ast/ 4xbd
= 16 x 230/ 4x 1.28 = 719 mm
Since M1/ V+ Lo >Ld, Hence code is safe.
SUMMARY :-
Size of beam = 300 x 520 mm
Main steel. = 3 bar of 16 mmf( one
bar bent-up)
value
|
Stirrups = 8mm ^ 2 legged @ 180mm c/c.
acbc = 7 N/mm2 ast.
= 230 N/mm2
m= 13.33
k =
0.29
j = 0.90
Q = 0.91 N/mm2
(use M20
grade conc.& Fe 415 steel)
clear span of beam = L= 4.8 m
let eff. depth of beam =d = 1/10 of span
= 1/10 x
4800 =480 mm
D = 480 + 40=520mm let width of beam =b= 300 mm .'.
size of assumed scetion of beam = 300 x 520 mm i) Distance b/w centre of
support = 4.8+0.3= 5.1m .'. eff. span =5.1 m
LOADING :-
self wt. of beam = 0.3 x 0.52 x 25000 =3900 N/m
Slab load =6870 N/m
Total Load =
10770 N/m
Max. B.N =wl2 =10770 x
5.12 8 8
=35615.9 N-m
=35015900 N-mm.
Assume scetion is balanced
Q bd2 = M
d =__ =358 mm
d = M/ Qb = 35015900/ 0.91 x 300 = 358 mm 358 < 480 mm
.'. Adopt
overall depth of beam. D = 520
Avavilable eff. depth assuming 14 mm 0
bar
d = 520 - 20 - 8 - 14/2 = 484 mm
Ast of steel required = Ast =
M
ast. j.d
Area of one
bar of 14 mm 0 = rc/4 x 142 = 153.9mm2
.'. No. of bar required = 345 = 2.5
say 3 bar.
153
Ast provided = 3 x 153.9 = 460 mm2
CHECK FOR MIN.
REINFORCEMENT :-
As = 0.85
bd = 0.85 x 300x 484 fy 415
= 297.4 mm
min. Ast<Ast provided
Provide st. is more than min required. ................. Hence safe.
CHECK
FOR DEPTH OF BEAM FROM DEFLECTION CONSIDERATION :-
p = 100 Ast = 100
x 460 = 0.32% bd 300 x
484
Fs = 0.58 fy [ Ast (req.)
]Ast (pro.)
= 0.58 x 415 x( 345/ 460)
= 180 N/mm
for pt = 0.32% & fs = 180 N/mm
kt = 1.8
(
l) = 20 kt d max.
= 20 x
1.48 = 29.6
5100 = 10
< 29.6 .................. Hence
ok.
484
CHECK
FOR SHEAR :-
v = wl = 10770 x 4.8 = 25848 N 2 2
Nominal shear stress , xv = v
bd
=
25848 = 0.17 N/mm2 300x484
max. (
xv) = 1.8 N/mm2
Since xv < xc max.................. Hence ok.
Assuming one
bar to be bent up at 45'near the support.
p = 100As = 100 x 2 x 153.5/ 300x 484 = 0.25 N/mm2 For p =
0.21% (M20 grade concrete)
xc
= 0.18 + [ 0.22 - 0.18 ] x ( 0.21 - 0.15) 0.25 - 0.15 = 0.204 N/mm2
xv < xc Hence no Shear
reinforcement in required.
Provide 8 mmf legged
stirrups @ 300 mm clc . thought the
provide 2-12 mm0 anchor bar for holding stirrops.
CHECK
FOR DEVELOPEMENT LENGTH( endenchroge) at support :-
M1 =astAstj.d
Ast = 2 x 153.5 = 307 mm2
M1 = 230 x 307 x 0.9 x 484 = 30757716 N-mm
suppose the bar are given 90' at the centre of support Lo = 80 = 8 x10
= 80 mm
M1 + Lo = 30757716
+ 80 = 1269.9mm v 25848
ld = _0st = 16 x 230
= 719 47 bd 4x 1.28
M1+ Lo > Lo ............ Hence code is safisty.
length
|
v
BEAM DESIGN :-
acbc = 7 N/mm2,
ast = 230 N/mm2
m = 13.33 (
from steel table..)
k= 0.29 j = 0.90 Q = 0.91 N/mm2
( use
M20grade conc. & Fe 415 steel)
Clear span of beam L = 3.2 m
let eff. depth of beam = d= J_ of span
10
= 3200 =
320mm 10
D = 320 +20 = 360
let eff. width of beam = 300
mm
. Size of assumed section of bean = 300 x 360 mm
. Distance b/w centre of support 3.2 + 0.3 = 3.5 m
.'. eff. span = 3.5 m
LODING :-
Self wl.of beam = 0.3x 0.35 x 25000 =
2625 N/mm
Slab load = 7245
= 3623 N/m 2
+2935 =
6558 N/m Total load = 9183 N/m.
Max. B.M .= wl2 = 9183 x 3.52 = 14061.5 N-m 8 8
= 14061500 N-mm
Assume section us balanced
Qbd2 = B.M
d = _M__ = 14061500 Qb
0.91 x 300
= 227 mm
< 320 mm
.'. Adopt overal depth of beam, D = 360mm
Avavilable eff. depth assuming 12mm 0 main bars.
d = 360 - 20- 08 - 12 = 326 2
( For mild exposure conditions nominal cover) of using 8 mm 0
Ast req. Ast. = M = 14061500
ast.j.d 230 x 0.9 x 320
= 212.3 mm2
Area of one bar of 12 mm 0 = II_x 122
113.09 mm2
4
.-. No of bar req. = 212.3 = 1.9 Say 2 bar
113.09
Ast provided = 2 x 11.3.09 =
226 mm2
CHECK FOR MIN RAINGORCEMENT: -
As = 0.85bd = 0.85
x 300 x 320 fy 415
= 196.6 mm2
Provided steel is more than min req.......... Hence safe.
CHECK
FOR DEPTH OF BEAM FROM DEFLECTION CONSIDERATION :-
pt = 100ast
= 100 x 226 bd 300
x 320
= 0.26 %
fs = 0.58 fy [ Ast (req.) ] =
216 N/mm2 Ast(Provi)
For Pt = 0.27% of fs = 216 N/mm2 Kt= 1.5
(l)
max = 20Kt d
20x 1.5 = 30
30500
= 10.9 < 30 Hence ok. 320
CHECK FOR SHEAR :-
V = wL = 9183 x 302 = 14892.8 N 2 2
Shear
stress xv = V = 14692 = 0.15N/mm2 bd
300x320
xc max >
xv Hence ok .
No shear reinforcement req .
using 8 mm 0 2 legged stirrups
Asv = 2 x n x 82 = 100.53 mm3 4
Max spacing as per min shear rainforceus .
Sv = 0.87
Asvfy = 0.87 x 100.53 x 250 = 180 mm 0.4b 0.4 x30
.'. Provide 8mm 0 mm 2 legged stirrups @ 180 mm c/c throughout length
Provide 2-12mm 0 anchor bar for holding stirrups .CHECK FOR DEVELOPEMENT
LENGTH :- M1 = stAstjd
Ast = 2 x 113.09 = 226 mm2 M1
= 230x 226 x 0.9x 320 = 14970240 N-mm
V = 14692 N
Suppose the bars are given a 900 bend at center of support
,Its anchorage
value
L =8 0 = 8x12=96mm
o
M+L =14970240
+ 96 = 1115mm
----- 1 o -------------------------
V 14692
L
= 0 st = 12 x 230 = 539mm d
4 xM 4 x 1.28
bd
Since M+ L > L.
----- 1 o d
V Hence
Safe.
acbc
= 7 N/mm2 ast = 230 N/mm2
m =
13.83 k = 0.29 j = 0.90 Q = 0.91N/mm2
Clear span
of beam l = 2.8 m
let eff. depth of beam d = 1 x span
10
= 1/10 x 2.8 m = 280 mm D = 280 + 40 = 320 mm Let
eff width of beam = 300 mm .'. Size of assumed section of
beam = 300 x 320 mm .'. Distance b/w centre of
support = 2.8 + .3 = 3.1 m .'. Eff span = 3.1 m LOADING
:-
Self wt. of beam = 0.3 x 0.31 x 25000 = 2325 N/mm2 Slab
load = 7245/2 = 3623 + 2935 = 6558 N/m Total load = 8883 N/m2
Max. B.m. = wl2/8 = 88 83 x 2.82/8 = 87 05.34N-m
=8705340 N-mm Assume section is balanced Qbd2 = m Adopt overall depth
of beam, D = 320mm .'. Avavilable eff. depth assuming 12 0 bar main bars d= 320
- 20 - 08 -12/2 = 286 mm
Ast. req. = m/ ast.j.d = 8705340/ 230 x 0.9 x 280 = 150 mm2 Area
of one bar of 12 mm = rc/4 x 122 = 113.5 mm2 No. of bar
req = 150/113 = 1.33 say 2 bars Ast provided = 2 x 113.5 = 226 mm2 CHECK
FOR MIN RAINFORCEMENT :- Ast. = 0.58bd/ fy = 0.58 x 300 x 280/
415 = 117.4 mm2
pro
Provided Ast. is
more than the req. Ast................... Hence
safe
CHECK FOR DEPTH OF BEAM FROM DEFLECTION CONSIDERATION
pt = 100 Ast./bd = 100 x 226/ 300x 230 = 0.27
fs = 0.58 fy( Ast. seq.
Ast. pro.
=
160 N/mm2 for pt. = 0.27 & fs = 160 N/mm2 kt. = 2.0
(l/ d) = 20 kt. = 20 x 20 = 40
v 7 max.
3100 = 11 < 40
............... HENCE OK
280
CHECK FOR SHEAR :-
V = WL = 8883 X 2.8 2 2
= 12436.2 N
Shear srtess = xv = V/
bd = 0.15
xc
max. =xv .
Hence ok
No shear reinforcement is required.
Using 8 mm ^ 2
legged stirrups...
Asv. = 2x n x 82 = 100.50 mm2 2
max. spacing as per min. shear reinforcement
Sv = 0.87 Asvfy = 0.87 x
100.53 x 250 = 180 mm 0.4 b 0.4 x 300
.'. Provide 8 mm ^ 2
legged stirrups @ 180 c/c throught the length. Provide 2- 12 mm
^ anchor bar for holding stirrups.
CHECK
FOR DEVELOPEMENT LENGTH ( END ANCHOR BAR AT SUP PORT) :-
M1 =ast. Ast.j.d
Ast.
= 230 x 113.09 = 226 mm2 M1 = 230 X 226 X 0.90 X 280 = 13098960 N-mm
V
= 12436.2 N
Suppose the bar are given a 90' bend at the centre of support , its
enchorage value
Lo = 8 x
4> = 12 x 8 = 96 mm
M1+
Lo = 13098960 + 96 = 1149 mm
V
12436.2
Ld
= 4>ast = 12 x 230 = 539 mm
4 xM 4 x 1.28
bd
M + Lo > L .................... Hence OK
1 d
V
COLUMN
DESIGN at corner :-
Load on coloum=3667.5+4442+(self load )
= 3667.5+4442+7650+550 K-N =565759 N/m acc = 5
N/mm2
asc = 190 N/mm2
Actual length of column l = 3.4 m
Eff. length of column l = 3.4 mm = 3400 mm
Longitudnal steel in column varies from 0.8 - 6 %
Assume 2% of steel
Asc=2/100
xAg =0.02Ag Ac = Ag -Asc = Ag -0.02Ag = 0.98 Ag P = ccAc = scAsc 566Kn =5 x
.98Ag +190 x 0.02Ag 566000 = 8.7Ag Ag=65057.47 mm2
Assuming the coloum to be square
Side of square coloum req. = 66057 =255
Hence Adopt sige of column =260 x 260 mm
.-. Ag (Provided) =260 x 260 = 67600 mm2
Check whether the coloum is long or short.
leff./b = 3400 /260 = 13.1 >12
. It is a long coloum.
Reducation co- efficient, C
=1.25 -l eff.
' r -------------
4
= 1.25 -3400/48 x 260 = 0.98
Safe load, P = Cr (acc Ac +ascAsc)
= Cr (acc (Ag - Asc) +accAsc)
566 x 103 = 0.98 x(5(67600 -Asc)
+190Asc ) 234760 = .98 x(338000 -5Asc +190Asc
234760 = 181.3 Asc.'.Asc
=1295mm2
Min. St. req. = 0.8% of Ag
=0.8 x 67600 =540.8 .
Provide Asc = 1285 mm2 Assuming 20 mm 0 bar to be used as
longitudinal steel Area of one 8 mm 0 = II/4 x202 =314.5mm2 •.
no. of bar req. = 1295/314.5 =4.12 Say 4 bar
Provide 4
bar of 20 0 mm
(Actual
area of st.Provided ) =4 x 314 = 1256 mm2
DESIGN OF LINKS :-
a) Dia. of lateral tiesshould be greater
than :- 6 mm :- 1/4 x 2 = 5mm
COLUMN
DESIGN :-
Load on
column = 5885 + 4442 + 4442 + 550000 + 7650 = 572419N/m acc = 5
N/mm2 asc = 190 N/mm2
Actual length column = 3.4m
eff. length of column = eff. = L = 3.4 m = 3400 mm
Longitudinal steel in column varies from 0.6% - 6%
Assume 1% of steel
Asc = 1/100 of Ag = 0.01 Ag
Ac = Ag - Asc = Ag - 0.0 1 Ag = 0.99 Ag
p =acc Ac +ascAsc
573 x 103 = 5x 0.99Ag + 190 x 0.01Ag
573 x 103 = 6.85 Ag
Ag = 83043.5
Assume the column to be square
side of column square = 83044 = 288 say = 290 mm
Hence Adopt size of column = 290 x 290mm
.'. Ag (Provided) = 290 x 290 =
84100mm2
Check whether the column is long or short
l eff./b = 3400/290 = 11.72 < 12
safe load an column = P =acc ac +ascAsc
= 5 x ( Ag - Asc ) = scAsc
573 x 103 = 5(84 1 00 - Asc ) + 190 Asc
573 x103 = 420500 - 5 Asc + 190 Asc
152500 = 185 Asc
Asc = 821.6 mm2
Min. steel req. of column = 0.8% of Ag
= 0.8/100 x 84100 = 673mm2 .'.
Provide Asc = 821.6mm2
Assuming 18 mm0 bars to be used as longitudinal steel Area of one 180
number = II/4x 182 = 254.5 mm2 .-. No.
of bar req. = 820/ 254.5 = 3.25 say = 4 bar .'.
Provide 4 bass of 18 mm 0
(Actual area of steel provided = 4 x 254.5 = 1018mm2
DESIGN
OF LINKS :-
a)
Dia of lateral ties should be greater than
1)
6mm
2)
1/4 x 18 = 4.5mm
. Privide
6mm0 lateral ties
b)
Spaving or pitch of lateral ties should be the
least of tououring :-
1)
Least lateral diminision of column = 290 mm
2)
16 x18 = 288 mm
.'. Provide
6 mm0 lateral ties @ 290 mm C/c
SUMMARY
OF DESIGN :-
Size of column = 290mm x 290 mm Main steel = 4 bars of 18 mm ^ Links =
6mm0 @ 290 mm c/c
Bearing
capacity of soil = po = 200 KN/m2 = 200 x 103 N/m2
b=
260mm = 0.26m acbc = 7N/mm2, fck = 20 N/mm2 ast
= 230 N/mm2
Design constant :- m= 13.13 k=0.29 j= 0.90
Q=0.91 N/mm2 SIZE OF FOOTING :- Load of
column = 566 KN + 56.6 (10% of column) = 622.6KN wt .of footing of back fill, W1
= 622.6 x 10/100 = 62.3KN
(Assume w1
as 10% of w)
Area of
footing = W + w1
Bearing
capacity of soil
= 622.6 x 103 +62.3 x 103 = 3.4 m2
200 x 103 let B = one side of square footing
B x B = 3.4 m2
B = 3.4 = 1.85 say 1.9 m
Adopt size of fotting = 1.9m x 1.9m Net up ward soil Pressure ( p) Net
upward soil pr. p) = W
B xB
= 622.6 x 103
= 172465.4 N/m2 1.9 x 1.9
DEPTH OF FOOTING :- xv
< K x
c
where k = 0.5
+ pc ( pc = 260/260 = 1)
= 0.5 + 1 = 1.5 >1 K = 1
xv
=xc = 0.72 N/mm2 = 720000 N/mm2 CASE
- 1( one - way action of fotting ) Shear force at critical
section = p x B x [ 1/2(B-b)-d]
= 172465.4 x 1.9 x [ 1/2 x ( 1.9 -.26) -d] .......... i)
Shear force resisted by conc. = xc x B x
d
= 720000 x 1.9 x d ........................... ii)
Eqvatingi) of ii)
172465.4 x 1.9 x [ 1/2 x ( 1.9 - .26 ) -d ] = 720000 x 1.9 x d
141421.6 = 1509421.6 d d = 0.1 m
CASE -II
The criticarscetion of two- way action of
footing ( punching shear )
us
considered at a distance of d/2 from the
periphery of the face of
column.
shear force at the cricalscetion = P { B2
- ( b+d)2 )}
= 172465.4 { 1.92 - ( o.26+d )2
} ....................... iii)
shear force resisted by conc.= Ic x 4 (
b+d ) x d
= 720000 x 4 (
0.26+d ) x d ............................. iv)
Equating equation iii) & iv) and we
get..
172465.4 {1.92 - (0.76 +d )2 }=720000 x 4 (
0.26+d ) xd
3.6- ( 0.26+d )2 = 16.7 (0.26+ d) xd
3.6- (0.07 +d2+0.52d) =4.3 d + 16.7 d2
3.43-d2 - 0.52d =
4.3d + 16.7d2
17.7d2 + 4.82d - 3.43 = 0
d2+0.27d-0.2=0
d = -0.27+ [(.27)2-4
x ( 0.2 ) 2 x 1
=
-0.27+0.9= 0.33m
(neglect - sign)
Depth of footing shall be greater of case
I & II
d=0.33 m= 330mm.
CHECK OF BENDING MOMENT for depth of
footing
Critical scetion for B.M. is considered
at the face of column.
B.M. = p x B/8 x (B-b)2
=172445 x 17_x ( 1.9- 0.26)2 8
=110167 N-m = 110167000 N-mm .................. v)
Moment of resistance = Qbd2
=0.91 x 1.9 x 1000 xd2............... vi)
Equating equation. v) & vi) we get..
110167 x 103 = 0.91x 1.9 x 1000x d2
d = 252.4 mm < 330mm (provided value) .'. This is all right STEEL REQUIRED :-
Ast. in each direction = B.M./ast. j.d
= 110167 x 1000/ 230x 0.90x 330 = 1612 mm
Hence
provide 11 bar of 14 mm ^ bar ( HYSD) uniformly spaced
in the width of 1.9 m in each direction at right angle to each other.
CHECK
FOR DEVELOPE MENT LENGTH :-
Developement length = Ld = ^ ast./
4xbd
= 539 mm
providing side cover of 50 mm
Avavilable length = 1/2 ( 1900 - 260) -50
= 770 mm
Which is more than Ld, ... Hence safe.
SUMMARY OF DESIGN :-
D = d +^/2
+ clear cover
= 330 + 14/2 + 50 = 386 mm
say 390 mm
steel 11bar of 14 ^ both- way.
COLUMN FOOTING DESIGN: -
Let bearing capacity of soil po = 200 KN/m2
= 200x 103 N/m2
b = 290 mm acbc = 7 N/mm2&fck = 20 N/m2 a st
= 280 N/mm2
1)
DESIGN CONSTANT :- m=
13.13
k= 0.29 j = 0.90 Q= 0.91 N/mm2
2)
SIZE OF FOOTING :-
Load
on column = 572 KN + 85.8 (15% of column) = 658 KN Wt. of footing of back fill
w1 = 658 x 10/100 = 65.8 KN
Area of
footing = w + w1
bearing
capacity of soil
= 658
x103 + 65.8 x 103 =
3.6
200 x 103 Let B one side of square
footing
.-. B x B = 3.6 m2
B = 1.9024 say 1.9 m
.'. Adopt
size of footing = 1.9 m x 1.9 mm
Net upward soil pressure (p)
P = w/BxB = 65 8 x103/1.9 x
1.9 = 182271.5 N/m2
3) DEPTH OF FOOTING = xv < k
xc
where k = 0.5 + pc ( p = 290
= 1 )
290
= 0.5 +1 + 1.5 = 1
k = 1
xc = 0.16
fck = 0.16 x 20 = 0.72 N/mm2 xv =
xc = 0.72 N/mm2 = 720000N/m2 CASE
:- I
Shear force at critical section = p x B x [ 1/2(B-b) -d]
=182271.5 x 2.9 x[ 1/2x [ 11-0.29) -d ] ................... i)
CASE
- II
Shear force aty critical section = [ b2- ( (b+d )]
= 182271.5 ( 1.92 - (.29+d2) - (iii)
Shear force sestid by conc.= 0 x4 ( b+d ) xd
= 720000 x 4 (0.29+d )xd - (iv)
Eequatingequ. ( iii) & iv )
182271.5 [1.92 - ( .29+d)2] = 720000 x4x
( 0.29 +d ) xd
3.6- ( 0.29+d)2 ] = 15.8 ( 0.29+d ) xd
3.6 (0.084+d2+58d ) 4.7d+ 15.8d2
3.5 -d2- 0.58d = 4.7 d + 15.8d2
16.8d2 + 4.12 - 3.5 = 0
d2 + 0.25- 0.21 = 0
d= 0.25 + 252 -4 x ( 0.25 )
d = 0.7 m =
0.35 2
Depth of footing shell be greeter of CASE
:- I & II d= 0.35= 350 mm
CHECK FOR BENDING
MOMENT FOR DEPTH FOOTING :-
B.M.= P x B_( B-b)2 8
=182271.5 xj.9 ( 0.9-0.29 )2 8
12210.7 N-m. =1122 1 0.7x 103 N/ mm2 Mommet of
resistance , A Bd2 - v
= 0.91 x 1.9 x 1000 xd2............. - vi)
Equatry v & vi
112210.7 x 103 = 0.91 x 1.9 x1000xd2 d= 254.
< 350 mm (Provided value) :- This is all right
Steel req. =
Area of st. req. in each direction,
Ast = B.M./ 4>6st.j.d
= 112210.7x103 =1548.8mm2 230x0.9x350
Providing 14 mm 0 bars Area of one bar of 14 mm 0 = 153.5mm2 No
of bar reg. = 1538.8=10.08
153.5
say 10
bars
Hence
provided 10 bars of 14 mm 0 bar HYSD Fe 415 ( assumed the width 1.9 m in each
direction at right engle to each other
.'. CHECK FOR DEVELOPEMENT LENGTH :-
Development
ength, Ld = 0st
____________________ 4 i
Providing side coner of 50 mm Avavilableength = 1/2 ( 1900-1290)-50
.Hence safe.
|
=755 mm Hence, which us more than Ld,
SUMMARY
DESIGN :-
D = d+ 0/2 +
clear cover = say 410mm
steel 10 bar of 14 mm 0 bath way
DESIGN OF LINTEL OVER DOOR :- Clear span = L = 1200 mm
Bearing = 200 both side eff. l = 1200 + 200 = 1400mm Assume D= l/ 10 = 1400/ 10
= 140 mm D= 140 mm LOAD :-
self wt. of lintel
w1 = 0.14 x 0.3 x 25000 = 1050 N/ m Load of masonary
w2 = 0.30 x
0.7 x 19200 = 4032 N/ m
Total load :
W = w1 + w2
=1050 +4032 =
5082 N/m
B.M. = wl /8 = 1245 N-m
= 1245 x 10 N-m
M = Qbd
d = m/ Qb = 1245 x 1000/ 0.91 x 300
= 67.5 mm < 140........... Hence safe.
D = 140mm
d = 140 - 20 - 8 - 10/2 = 109 mm
or say d = 110mm
Assumed d > calculated d
...... Hence safe.
Ast. = M/ast
= 1245 x 1000/ 230 x 0.9 x 110
= 54.68 mm
Assume 8 mm ^ bar = n /4 x
(8x 8) = 50.24 mm
No. of bar = 54.68/ 50.24 = 1.2
= say 2
bar 8 mm ^
Ast. = 2x
50.74 = 102 mm CHECK MIN. REINFORCEMENT :-
Min. Ast. = 0.85 x b x d/ fy = 0.85 x 300
x 110/ 415
= 67.6 mm < 102 mm ........... Hence safe
CHECK FOR DEPTH :-
pt = 100 Ast/ b x d
= 100 x 102/ 300 x 110 = 0.31
pt = 0.31 %
fs = 0.58 fy( Ast req./ Ast pro.) = 0.58 x
415 ( 54.6/ 102) = 128.8
from table kt = 1.2
(l/ d)max.> (l/d) provided
20 kt> 1400/ 110
20 x 1.2 > 12
24 > 12 Hence safe.
CHECK FOR SHEAR :-
V = wl/2 = 5080 x 1.2/2= 3048 N iv = V/ bd
= 3048/ 300 x 110 = 0.1 cmax. = 1.8 N/mm pt. = 1.47 % & M-20 ic = 0.28
iv >ic<icmax. Design safe.
Main steel
bar 16 mm ^ Main bent up bar 16 mm ^ Anchor bar 12 mm ^ Stirrups 8 mm ^
1. Length of main
steel bar 16mm ^ No. of bar = 2
Length of bar , L = Clear span + bearing
= 4.8 + 0.3 = 5.1 m
Total length of bar
= L + 2 hooks (2x9 D) = 5.1 + (18 x 0.016) = 5.088 m
2. Main
bent up bar 16 mm ^
No. of bar = 1
Length of
bar = L = Clear span + bearing = 5.1 m
Total length of bar = L + 2 hooks + 0.84 for
two- bent up = 5.1 + (18x 0.016) + (0.84x 0.10) = 5.472 m
3. Anchor
bar 12 mm ^
No. of bar = 2 Length of
bar = L = 5.1m Total length of bar = L + 2 hooks
= 5.1+ (2(9) x 0.012) =
5.316 m
4.
Stirrups 8 mm ^ @ 180 c/c
L = 5.1
m
No. of stirrups at 5 cm
c/c at end = 2 No. No. of stirrups at 18 cm c/c in b/w = 510-10/18 = 28
Total No. of stirrups = 2 + 28= 30
Length of one stirrups = 2(44+ 22) + 30 = 162 cm
= 1.62 m
Schedule of Bars (R.C.C. Beam).
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Main steel bar 12 mm ^
Anchor bar 12 mm ^ Stirrups 8 mm ^
1.
Length of main steel bar 12mm ^
No. of
bar = 2
Length
of bar , L = Clear span + bearing = 2.8 + 0.3 = 3.1 m Total length of bar = L +
2 hooks (2x9 D) = 3.1 + (18 x 0.012) = 3.32 m
2.
Anchor bar 12 mm ^
No. of bar = 2 Length of
bar = L = 3.1m Total length of bar = L + 2 hooks
= 3.1+ (2(9) x 0.012) = 3.32 m
3. Stirrups 8 mm ^
@ 180 c/c L = 3.1 m
No. of stirrups at 5 cm
c/c at end = 2 No. No. of stirrups at 18 cm c/c in b/w = 300-10/18 = 16 Total
No. of stirrups = 2 + 16 = 18 Length of stirrups = 2 (27 cm + 25 cm) + 30 extra
= 134
cm = 1.34 m So total length of 16 nos. stirrups each.
Sr. no.
|
Description
|
Shape
|
Length
|
No.
|
Total length
(m)
|
Wt./m
length
|
Total
wt. (kg)
|
1.
|
Main steel bar12 mm
l
|
3.32
|
2
|
6.64
|
0.89
|
5.91
|
|
2.
|
Anchor bar 12mm |
|
3.32
|
2
|
6.64
|
0.89
|
5.91
|
|
3.
|
Stirrups 8 mm|
|
*
|
1.34
|
16
|
21.44
|
0.4
|
8.6
|
Total
20.4 kg
|
|||||||
1.
14 mm | bar in base footing
2.
18 mm | bar vertical
3.
6 mm | ties @ 290 mm c/c
1. 11 bar 14 mm |
C/c spacing = 1900/11 =
172 mm
Total No. of bar = 11+ 11
= 22 no. Total length of bar = 1.6 + 2 hooks
= ( 1.6 + ( 18 x 0.014) =
1.85 m
Total bar length = 22x 1.85 = 40.7 m
2. 16 mm 18 ^ vertical bar No. of bar = 4 no.
Total length of bar = 3+ 0.4 + 0.20 + 12d +0.20 = 4 m
3. 6 mm ^ tie bar @ 290
C/c
No. of tie = (300+ 40)/2+ 1 = 12.7 4(250) + 24
x 0.08 = = say 13 no.
Length = 4 C + 24
D = 1001.9 mm = 1.01
m
Schedule of Bars (R.C.C. square column)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1. Main bar of 10 mm ^ @ 190 mm c/c L = Length - 2 cover = 12.6 -
2x 0.04 = 12.52 m Total length of main bar = 12.52 + 2 hooks = 12.52 + ( 18x
0.010) = 12.7 m
No. of
bar = (51.1/.38) + 1 = (51100/ 380) + 1 = 135.4 no. say 136 no.
2. Bent -up bar of 10 mm ^ @ 190 mm c/c
= 12.6 + bearing - 2 cover
+ 2 bent-up + 2 hooks
= 12.6 + 0.20 - (2x 0.04)
+ ( 2 x.0.42 x 0.06) + (2 x 0.010) = 12.8 m
No. of bent-up bar = 51.1/ .38 = 134.4 say 135 no.
3.
Distribution bar 8 mm ^ @ 270 mm c/c
Length of
straight bar = 51.1 - 2 end cover + 2 hooks = 51.1 - 0.08 + ( 18 x 0.008) =
51.2 m
No.
of bars = 12.6/ .27 = 1260 / 270
= 46.6 say 47 no.
Sr.
no.
|
Description
|
Shape
|
Length
|
No.
|
Total length (m)
|
Wt./m length
|
Total
wt. (kg)
|
1.
|
Main bar 10 mm 4> @ 190
mm c/c
|
12.7
|
1 3 6
|
1727.2
|
0.62
|
1107.1
|
|
2.
|
Main bent- up bar10 mm
4> @ 190 c/c
|
12.8
|
1 3 5
|
1728
|
0.62
|
1072.1
|
|
3.
|
Distribution
bars 8 mm 4> @ 270
mm c/c
|
51.2
|
47
|
358.4
|
0.39
|
139.8
|
|
Total
2318 kg = 23.18 quintal
|
|||||||
Main straight bar 8 mm |
Anchor bar 8 mm | Stirrups 6 mm | @ 150 mm c/c
1. Main
straight bar of 8 mm |
No. of bars = 2
Length of bar = L + bearing - end cover
= 1.2 + 0.20 - 0.08 = 0.92 m
= 92 cm
Total length of bar = L +
2 hooks
= 0.92 + (18 x 0.082) = 1.06 m = 106 cm So
total length of main bar 8 mm | = 1.14 m each
2.
Anchor bar 8 mm |
No. of bars = 2
Length of bar L= 0.92 m
Total length of bar = 106 cm
3.
Stirrups 6 mm | @ 150 c/c
No.
of stirrups at 5 cm c/c at the end = 2 no.
No.
of stirrups at 8 cm in b/w = 92 - 10 ^ 8 = 8.25 say 9
Total
no. of stirrups = 2+9 = 11 no.
Length
of one stirrups = 2(22+90) + 30 extra
= 72 cm = 0.72 m Total length of 11 no.
stirrups 6 mm ^ = 0.72 each
Sr.
no.
|
Description
|
Shape
|
Length
|
No.
|
Total length (m)
|
Wt./m length
|
Total wt. (kg)
|
1.
|
Main st. bar 8 mm ^
|
1.06
|
2
|
2.12
|
0.4
|
0.85
|
|
2.
|
Anchor
bar 8 mm ^
|
1.06
|
2
|
2.12
|
0.4
|
0.85
|
|
3.
|
Stirrups
6 mm ^
|
0.72
|
11
|
7.92
|
0.4
|
3.2
|
|
Total 4.9 kg
|
|||||||
Total
= 54.1 m3 Ratio = 1:6:18 Sum = 1+6+18 = 23
Total
dry mortar for 34.1 m3 c.conc. = 1.54 x 54.1 =83.3 m3
Cement
= 1/ 23 x 83.3 = 3.62 m3
=
3.62/ 0.03472 = 104.4 bags = say 105 bags
Sand = 6/23 x 83.3 = 21.7 m3 Aggregates =
18/ 23 x 83.3 = 65.2 m3
Total =
80.7 m2 = 80.7 x 0.04 = 3.2 m3
Total
dry mortar for 3.2 m3c.conc = 3.2 X 1.54 = 5.0m3
Cemant =
1/ 7 x 5.0 = 0.71 m3 = 20.4 bags,
Say 21
bags
Sand = 2/ 7 x 5.0 = 1.43 m3 Aggregate = 6/ 7
x 5.0 = 4.3 m3
Total =
4.8 m3
Total
dry mortar for 4.8 m3c.conc = 4.8 X 1.54 = 7.4m3
Cemant =
1/ 7 x 7.4 = 1.1 m3 = 30.4 bags,
Say
31 bags
Sand = 2/ 7 x 7.4 = 2.1m3 Aggregate = 6/ 7 x
7.4 = 6.3 m3
Total = 136.6 m3c.conc.
Ratio
= 1:2:4 Sum = 1+2+4 = 7
Total dry mortar for 136.6 m3c.conc.
= 1.54 x 136.6 = 210.4 m3
Cement = 1/ 7 x 210.4 = 30.2 m3 =
866.7 bags Say 867 bags
Sand = 2/ 7 x 210.4 = 60.1 m3
Aggregate = 6/ 7 x 210.4 = 180.3 m3
Total = 124.2 m3
Ratio
= 1:2:4 Sum = 1+2+4 = 7
Total dry mortar for 124.2 m3 c. conc. = 1.54 x 124.2 =
191.3 m3
Cement = 1/ 7 x 191.2 = 27.3 m3 = 786.7bags
= 787 bags
Sand = 2/ 7 x 191.3 = 54.7 m3
Aggregate = 6/ 7 x 191.3 = 163.9 m3
Total
= 172.3 m3 Ratio = 1:2:4 Sum = 1+2+4 = 7
Total dry mortar for 172.3 m3 c. conc. = 1.54 x 172.3 =
265.3 m3
Cement = 1/ 7 x 265.3 = 37.9 m3 Page
=
1092.3bags = 1093 bags
Sand =
2/ 7 x 265.3 = 75.8 m3
Aggregate
= 6/ 7 x 265.3 = 227.3 m3
Total B.W. in foundation = 96.5 m3
Bricks for 1 m3 = 500 nos.
Bricks
for 96.5 m3 = 96.5 x 500 = 48250 nos.
Total
B.W. in super structure = 439 m3
Bricks
for 1 m3 = 500 nos.
Bricks for 439 m3 = 439 x 500 = 219500 nos.
Total
finishing inside (1:6) = 1897.5 m2
Quantity
of wet mortar = surface area x thickness = 1897.5 x 0.12 = 21.9 say 22 m3
Quantity
of dry mortar = 22 x 1.2 = 26.4 m3
Ratio
= 1:6 Sum = 1+6= 7
Cement = 1/ 7 x 26.4 = 3.8 m3
Say 109
bags Sand = 6/ 7 x 26.4 = 22.6 m3
Total
finishing otside (1:5) = 781.5 m2
Quantity of wet mortar = surface area x thickness =
781.5 x 0.012
= 9.4
say 10 m3
Quantity
of dry mortar = 10 x 1.2 = 12.0 m3
Ratio
= 1:5 Sum = 1+ 5 = 6
Cement
= 1/ 6 x 12.0 = 2.0 m3 Say 58 bags Sand = 5/ 6 x 12.0 = 10 m3
Total quantity = 3034 m2 Th.
= 2.5 mm
Volume = 3034 x 0.0025 = 7.5 m3
Waste = 25 % = 7.5 + 7.5/ 100 = 7.8 m3
Total dry volume = 7.8 x 20/100 + 7.8 =
9.36 m3
Total quantity = 334 m2 Paint
1.5 lit. for 10 m2 @
Total Steel in Beam (5.1 x 0.3):- Steel
in one beam = 54.30 kg No. of beam = 68
Total steel in beam = 54.30 x 68 = 3692.4 kg = 36.92
quintal
Total steel in beam (3.1 x 0.3):- Steel
in one beam = 20.4 kg No. of beam = 128
Total steel in beam = 20.4 x 128 = 2611.2 kg = 26.11 quintal Page
Total steel
in slab (51.1 x 12.6):- = 2320 kg = 23.20 quintal
Total
steel in column (0.3 x 0.3):-
Steel in
one column = 72.5 kg
No. of
column = 136
Total
steel in column = 72.5 x 136 = 9860 kg = 98.60 quintal
S. No.
|
Particulars
|
Quantity
|
Rates Rs. P.
|
Amount Rs. P.
|
1.
|
Cement bags
|
3071 no.
|
250.0/ bag
|
7,67,750/-
|
2.
|
Sand
|
205 m3
|
500.0/ m3
|
1,02,500/-
|
3.
|
Aggregate
|
635 m3
|
650.0/ m3
|
4,12,750/-
|
4.
|
Bricks
|
2,67,750 no.
|
3.2/ brick
|
8,56,800/-
|
5.
|
Lime for washing
|
3034 m2
|
100 m2 / 50 kg @
2250/ quintal
|
34,132/-
|
6.
|
White washing
|
3034 m2
|
10.0/ ft.2
|
3,26,600/-
|
7.
|
Tiles
|
14294 no.
|
3.5/ Tile
|
50,028/-
|
8.
|
Wood works Door
|
36 no.
|
3000.00/ piece
|
1,08,000/-
|
Window
|
56 no.
|
2500.00/ piece
|
1,40,000/-
|
|
Ventilator
|
07 no.
|
1000.00/ piece
|
7,000/-
|
|
9.
|
Steel bars
|
|||
Bar 18 mm 0
|
34.40 quintal
|
3400.0/ quintal
|
1,16,960/-
|
|
Bar 16 mm 0
|
17.50 quintal
|
3450.0/ quintal
|
60,375/-
|
|
Bar 14 mm 0
|
33.32 quintal
|
3500.0/ quintal
|
1,17,320/-
|
|
Bar 12 mm 0
|
21.50 quintal
|
3550.0/ quintal
|
76,325/-
|
|
Bar 10 mm 0
|
21.80 quintal
|
3600.0/ quintal
|
78,480/-
|
|
Bar 08 mm 0
|
27.02 quintal
|
3900.0/ quintal
|
1,05,378/-
|
|
Bar 06 mm 0
|
07.86 quintal
|
4000.0/ quintal
|
31,440/-
|
|
Total
|
33,91,838/-
|
|||
Architectural Design & Drawing @ 15% of
total cost
|
5,08,780/-
|
|||
Water Supply & Sanitary installation &
10 % of total cost
|
3,39,184/-
|
|||
Electricity installation @ 12 % of total cost
|
4,07,020/-
|
|||
Other services @ 6 % of total cost
|
2,03,510/-
|
|||
Total
|
48,50,332/-
|
|||
Add contingencies 5 % overall
|
2,42,520/-
|
|||
Supervision charge3 % overall
|
1,45,510/-
|
|||
Comments